The Rice <i>brassinosteroid-deficient dwarf2</i> Mutant, Defective in the Rice Homolog of Arabidopsis DIMINUTO/DWARF1, Is Rescued by the Endogenously Accumulated Alternative Bioactive Brassinosteroid, Dolichosterone

Hong, Zhi; Ueguchi-Tanaka, Miyako; Fujioka, Shozo; Takatsuto, Suguru; Yoshida, Shigeo; Hasegawa, Yasuko; Ashikari, Motoyuki; Kitano, Hidemi; Matsuoka, Makoto

doi:10.1105/tpc.105.030973

Cited by 269 publications

(225 citation statements)

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“…Causal genes of small (or short) seed phenotype have been identified by us and other research groups through map-based cloning, namely D1 (also named RGA1) encoding the heterotrimeric G protein α subunit (Ashikari et al, 1999;Fujisawa et al, 1999), D11 encoding a cytochrome P450 involved in brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis (Tanabe et al, 2005), BRD1 and D2 encoding different types of cytochrome P450 that are also involved in BR synthesis (Hong et al, 2002(Hong et al, , 2003, BRD2 (also named rice Dim/dwf1) encoding an enzyme associated with BR biosynthesis (Hong et al, 2005), D61 (also named OsBRI1) encoding a BR receptor (Yamamuro et al, 2000), and finally SRS3 encoding the kinesin 13 protein (Kitagawa et al, 2010). These studies have shown that both the heterotrimeric G protein signaling pathway and the BR signaling pathway play a major role in the regulation of seed size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The SMALL AND ROUND SEED1 (SRS1/DEP2) gene is involved in the regulation of seed size in rice

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Mieda

Ando³

et al. 2010

Genes Genet. Syst.

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The causal gene of a novel small and round seed mutant 1 (srs1) was identified in rice by map-based cloning and named SMALL AND ROUND SEED 1 (SRS1). The SRS1 gene is identical to the previously identified DENSE AND ERECT PANICLE 2 (DEP2). The SRS1/DEP2 gene encodes a novel protein of 1365 amino acids residues without known functional domains. In the longitudinal direction of the lemma, both cell length and cell number are reduced in srs1-1 compared to the wild type, whereas in the lateral cross section of the lemma, cell length in srs1-1 is greater than that in the wild type, but the cell number in srs1-1 is the same as that in wild type. These results suggest that the small and round seed phenotype of srs1-1 is due to the reduction in both cell length and cell number in the longitudinal direction, and the elongation of the cells in the lateral direction of the lemma. The SRS1 mRNA and proteins are abundant in wild type rice specifically in young organs, namely young leaves, internodes and panicles. Interestingly, the tissues expressing SRS1 are closely related to the tissues that exhibit abnormalities in the srs1 mutants.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The SMALL AND ROUND SEED1 (SRS1/DEP2) gene is involved in the regulation of seed size in rice

Abe

Mieda

Ando³

et al. 2010

Genes Genet. Syst.

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“…Mutants with deficiencies of brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthetic genes, dwarf4-1 (Sakamoto et al, 2006), ebisu dwarf (d2; Hong et al, 2003), and chromosome segment deleted dwarf1 , show reduced leaf inclination, which also is observed in the BR signalingdefective mutant d61 (Yamamuro et al, 2000) or transgenic rice plants with suppressed expression of OsBAK1 ) and OsBZR1 (Bai et al, 2007). On the other hand, transgenic rice plants overexpressing sterol C-22 hydroxylase (an important enzyme of BR biosynthesis; Wu et al, 2008), OsDim/dwf1 (which participates in late steps of sterol biosynthesis; Hong et al, 2005), and OsBAK1 ) present increased leaf inclination, which is consistent with BR promoting cell elongation at the adaxial side of the lamina joint (Cao and Chen, 1995). A recent study showed that BR signaling inhibits the proliferation of sclerenchyma cells at the abaxial side of the lamina joint by coordinately regulating the U-type cyclin CYCU4;1 (Sun et al, 2015).…”

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Dynamic Cytology and Transcriptional Regulation of Rice Lamina Joint Development

2017

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Rice (Oryza sativa) leaf angle is determined by lamina joint and is an important agricultural trait determining leaf erectness and, hence, the photosynthesis efficiency and grain yield. Genetic studies reveal a complex regulatory network of lamina joint development; however, the morphological changes, cytological transitions, and underlying transcriptional programming remain to be elucidated. A systemic morphological and cytological study reveals a dynamic developmental process and suggests a common but distinct regulation of the lamina joint. Successive and sequential cell division and expansion, cell wall thickening, and programmed cell death at the adaxial or abaxial sides form the cytological basis of the lamina joint, and the increased leaf angle results from the asymmetric cell proliferation and elongation. Analysis of the gene expression profiles at four distinct developmental stages ranging from initiation to senescence showed that genes related to cell division and growth, hormone synthesis and signaling, transcription (transcription factors), and protein phosphorylation (protein kinases) exhibit distinct spatiotemporal patterns during lamina joint development. Phytohormones play crucial roles by promoting cell differentiation and growth at early stages or regulating the maturation and senescence at later stages, which is consistent with the quantitative analysis of hormones at different stages. Further comparison with the gene expression profile of leaf inclination1, a mutant with decreased auxin and increased leaf angle, indicates the coordinated effects of hormones in regulating lamina joint. These results reveal a dynamic cytology of rice lamina joint that is fine-regulated by multiple factors, providing informative clues for illustrating the regulatory mechanisms of leaf angle and plant architecture.

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“…Although this phenotype has been confirmed independently in several mutants harboring the d1, d2, d11, d61, brd1 and brd2 genes (Takahashi and Takeda 1970, Takeda 1974, Ashikari et al 1999, Fujisawa et al 1999, Wu et al 1999a, Yamamuro et al 2000, Hong et al 2002, Hong et al 2003, Hong et al 2005, Tanabe et al 2005, the use of these mutant genes in rice breeding has not been reported, presumably for the Communicated by M. Yano Received October 3, 2005. Accepted April 17, 2006 following reasons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Ssi1 Gene Controlling dm-type Internode Elongation Pattern on Lodging Resistance and Panicle Characters in Rice

Sunohara

Miura

Xiong³

et al. 2006

Breed. Sci.

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The dm-type semi-dwarf mutant DMF-1 is controlled by the semi-dominant gene, Short second internode 1 (Ssi1), located in the region within ca. 20 cM on the long arm of chromosome 1. In order to elucidate the function this gene in relation to the lodging resistance and panicle characters in various genetic backgrounds, these agronomic characters were investigated by using DMF-1, Reimei (sd1 allele), six different F 10 lines (DML-1 to -6) with homozygous form of Ssi1, and their parents. The experimental results showed that all the dm-type lines except for DML-6 (DMF-1 × Tan-Ginbozu) whose genotype belonged to the homozygous form of both Ssi1 and d35, significantly increased the lodging resistance, compared to their respective parents. On the other hand, although DMF-1 reduced seed production because of the high ratio of appearance of hull-cracked kernels, such a negative character had been improved in DML-1 (Kinmaze × DMF-1), DML-2 (Nipponbare × DMF-1) and DML-4 (Sasanishiki × DMF-1). Principal component analysis based on fifteen panicle characters also showed that these three F 10 lines should be assigned to a group of normal cultivars. These results suggested that it is possible to develop a new semi-dwarf variety for practical use, expressing a high level of lodging resistance associated with the Ssi1 gene in various genetic backgrounds.

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The Rice brassinosteroid-deficient dwarf2 Mutant, Defective in the Rice Homolog of Arabidopsis DIMINUTO/DWARF1, Is Rescued by the Endogenously Accumulated Alternative Bioactive Brassinosteroid, Dolichosterone

Cited by 269 publications

References 43 publications

The SMALL AND ROUND SEED1 (SRS1/DEP2) gene is involved in the regulation of seed size in rice

The SMALL AND ROUND SEED1 (SRS1/DEP2) gene is involved in the regulation of seed size in rice

Dynamic Cytology and Transcriptional Regulation of Rice Lamina Joint Development

Effects of Ssi1 Gene Controlling dm-type Internode Elongation Pattern on Lodging Resistance and Panicle Characters in Rice

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