The Richness, Abundance and Biomass of the Arthropod Communities on Trees

Southwood, T. R. E.; Moran, V. C.; Kennedy, C. E. J.

doi:10.2307/3988

Cited by 168 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…One to 13 species of psocids were recorded from six species of trees in both Britain and South Africa using pyrethrum knockdown (Southwood et al, 1982). Unfortunately, the authors did not report sample sizes, which makes direct comparison with our data impossible.…”

Section: Abundance and Diversity Of Arboreal Psocidsmentioning

confidence: 58%

Diversity and abundance of arboreal psocids (Psocoptera) along latitudinal gradients in northern Europe

Kanervo¹,

Kozlov²

2014

Eur. J. Entomol.

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Abstract. Psocids are small insects that feed primarily on fungi, algae, lichens and organic detritus. Although they are relatively common in forest ecosystems, the general patterns in their abundance and diversity in boreal forests are still poorly known. We report records of 20 species of psocids quantitatively collected from four species of woody plants (Pinus sylvestris, Picea abies, Betula pubescens and B. pendula) at 50 sites in northern Europe, located between 59° and 70°N and between 10° and 60°E. Seven species were found only on conifers, seven other species only on birches and six species inhabited both birches and conifers. The overall density of psocids was 18.9 ± 2.9 exx/kg (d.w. of plant material). Densities varied among the studied species of trees, being highest on P. abies and lowest on B. pendula. The species diversity was highest on B. pendula and lowest on B. pubescens. Both diversity and abundance of arboreal psocids in northern Europe decreased with latitude. However, due to the relatively low number of specimens collected, the conclusions about the diversity of psocids should be seen as tentative.

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Section: Abundance and Diversity Of Arboreal Psocidsmentioning

confidence: 58%

Diversity and abundance of arboreal psocids (Psocoptera) along latitudinal gradients in northern Europe

Kanervo¹,

Kozlov²

2014

Eur. J. Entomol.

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“…Additionally, the arthropod community was dominated by only three species, resulting in the low species diversity of the community. Although the phenomenon whereby the communities on alien plants are dominated by only a few species and thus the diversity is low cannot be generalized at the present, Southwood et al (1982) reported that the diversity of the herbivorous arthropod community was lower on introduced trees than on native trees in Britain and South Africa. The fact that limited herbivore species move on to the alien plants during the early colonization process (Strong et al, 1984) may be partly responsible for the low diversity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Herbivorous arthropod community of an alien weed Solanum carolinense L.

Imura

2003

Appl. Entomol. Zool.

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Herbivorous arthropod fauna of the horse nettle Solanum carolinense L., an alien solanaceous herb of North American origin, was characterized by surveying arthropod communities in the fields and comparing them with the original community compiled from published data to infer the impact of herbivores on the weed in the introduced region. Field surveys were carried out in the central part of mainland Japan for five years including an intensive regular survey in 1992. Thirty-nine arthropod species were found feeding on the weed. The leaf, stem, flower and fruit of the weed were infested by the herbivores. The comparison of characteristics of the arthropod community with those of the community in the USA indicated that more sapsuckers and less chewers were on the weed in Japan than in the USA. The community in Japan was composed of high proportions of polyphages and exophages compared to that in the USA. Eighty-seven percent of the species are known to be pests of agricultural crops. Low species diversity of the community was also suggested. The depauperated herbivore community, in terms of feeding habit and niche on S. carolinense, suggested that the weed partly escaped from herbivory in its reproductive parts. The regular population census, however, indicated that a dominant coccinellid beetle, Epilachna vigintioctopunctata, caused a noticeable damage on the leaves of the weed.

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“…There are few studies in oaks belonging to other groups (Southwood et al 2004(Southwood et al , 2005Nazemi et al 2008). The works mentioned above included species belonging to different geographic regions (i.e., Africa Southwood et al 1982), America (Preszler and Boecklen 1994;Forkner et al 2004;Yarnes et al 2008;Tovar-Sánchez et al 2013), Asia (Ishida et al 2003;Ito and Ozaki 2005;Nakamura et al 2008), and Europe (Southwood et al 2004(Southwood et al , 2005Sobek et al 2008)]. In general, these studies have revealed a great diversity of canopy arthropods (including epiphytes and suspended soil), a pattern that suggests that oaks are important habitats for these organisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the studies found reported a decrease in the abundance of arthropods in introduced host plants. For example, Southwood et al (1982) found that the richness, diversity, and abundance of phytophagous insects associated with the canopy of Q. robur was lower in South Africa, where it is an introduced species, compared to Britain, where it is a native species. Similarly, Auerbach and Simberloff (1988) found a lower density of leaf miner specialists in Q. acutissima in Florida, where this species is an introduced one.…”

Section: Origin Of the Species (Native Or Introduced)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Oak canopy arthropod communities: which factors shape its structure?

Valencia-Cuevas

Tovar-Sánchez

2015

Rev. Chil. de Hist. Nat.

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Canopy of forest ecosystems has been recognized as a habitat that supports a wide variety of plants, vertebrates, invertebrates, and microbes. Within the invertebrate group, arthropods are characterized by their great abundance, diversity, and functional importance. Particularly in temperate forests, species of the genus Quercus (oaks) are one of the most important tree canopy groups, for its diversity and dominance. Different studies have shown that the oak canopy contains a high diversity of arthropods suggesting their importance as habitat for this group of organisms. In this review, we investigated the factors that determine the establishment, organization, and maintenance of arthropod communities in the oak canopy. In general, it was found that there is a lack of literature that addresses the study of oak canopy arthropod communities. Also, the following patterns were found: (a) the research has covered a wide variety of topics; however, there are differences in the depth to which each topic has been analyzed, (b) there are ambiguous criteria to define the structure of the canopy, (c) groups with different habitat preferences belonging to different guilds and uneven development stages have been studied, avoiding generalizations about patterns found, (d) the standardization in sampling techniques and collection has been difficult, (e) bias exists towards the study of phytophagous insects belonging to the Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, and Lepidoptera orders, and (f) there are few studies in other groups of arthropods, for example, acorn borers, whose activity has an impact on the fitness and dispersion of the host plants. Finally, we propose that the detection and study of patterns in oak canopy communities can be of great value to propose management and conservation strategies in these forests.

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The Richness, Abundance and Biomass of the Arthropod Communities on Trees

Cited by 168 publications

References 23 publications

Diversity and abundance of arboreal psocids (Psocoptera) along latitudinal gradients in northern Europe

Diversity and abundance of arboreal psocids (Psocoptera) along latitudinal gradients in northern Europe

Herbivorous arthropod community of an alien weed Solanum carolinense L.

Oak canopy arthropod communities: which factors shape its structure?

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