The rights of victims of illegal investment crimes against confiscated goods

Abstract

Illegal investment is a very disturbing business crime. The number of victims and the large value of losses make the case of illegal investment getting special attention. The return of losses from the proceeds of crime is actually the right of the victim, but in law enforcement practice, confiscated objects are usually returned to the state, not to the victim as the rightful party. This study will discuss the problems of investment law in business activities, illegal investment in crime terminology and victims' rights to confiscated objects. This research is normative juridical research examining the legal vacuum of confiscation of assets to be returned to the victim. The results show that investment is a business activity protected by law. In its development, there are investment irregularities in the form of illegal investments, namely investments that are not licensed and carried out against the law. Illegal investment in the terminology of crime is not explicitly stated, but this act is punishable by fraud and money laundering. The proceeds of crime are traced and confiscated, but in legal practice, the return is given to the state. In future legal reformulations, it is necessary to stipulate provisions regarding the seizure of assets; therefore, the victims can get their rights.

Identifikasi Potensi Korupsi Barang Sitaan

“…Korban kejahatan ini yang umumnya menyetorkan investasi dalam bentuk uang, tentu akan berharap aset yang disita itu dapat segera dieksekusi oleh aparat negara yang berwenang untuk memulihkan kerugian mereka. Namun demikian, masih adanya kekosongan hukum untuk pemulihan aset para korban investasi menyebabkan barang sitaan tersebut pada akhirnya berstatus diserahkan kepada negara (Santoso, 2022). Bila pengelolaan aset-aset sitaan ini lemah seperti tidak ada kejelasan kapan dihapuskan, dilelang, atau dieksekusi maka dapat menimbulkan penyalahgunaan oleh oknum pemegang aset.…”

“…Dalam kasus barang sitaan hasil kejahatan investasi diketahui lebih sulit lagi dalam proses penyelesaian untuk mewujudkan ganti rugi kepada para korban karena kekosongan hukum yang ada. Hasil kejahatan investasi ilegal dapat ditelusuri dan disita, tetapi dalam praktik hukum, pengembaliannya diberikan kepada negara (Santoso, 2022). Kondisi ini juga tentu berpotensi untuk disalahgunakan oknum aparat yang melakukan moral hazard.…”