The rise and fall of GMOs in politics: party positions and mainstream party behaviour in Western Europe

Schwörer, Jakob; Romero‐Vidal, Xavier; Vallejo, Silvana Moreno

doi:10.1080/23251042.2022.2115654

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…In this sense, future studies may focus more on attitudes and issue salience among the public which seem to moderate effects from the party system level. Green parties’ success can be seen as another public opinion indicator since their performance expresses public popularity of environmental positions (Schwörer et al., 2022). However, green parties are not exclusively voted for their climate agenda but also generally for their post‐materialist, left‐leaning and progressive standpoints towards individual and minority rights (Close & Delwit, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mass mobilisation of FFF could be described as the peak of public awareness of climate change. Yet, the general public opinion and the strength of protest movements still are found to be variables on their own, each of them having a specific impact on state actors, but they can also reinforce each other (Schwörer et al., 2022; Weaver, 2008). A visible protest movement can have more impact if large parts of the public are in favour of its actions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If a green party failed in the last election but is a relevant actor in the actual campaign, mainstream parties will hardly consider the past performance. Accordingly, other scholars choose the actual election results of niche parties from the election for which the manifesto was produced, arguing that they are much closer to predictions in opinion polls (Schwörer et al., 2022). To assess which data are more suitable, I calculated the difference between the past election results of green parties and the standing in the polls during election campaigns and compared this with the deviation of the results for the ‘current’ election from the poll prediction 6.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unfortunately, the impact of FFF cannot be measured directly. Instead, and in line with existing research (Schwörer et al., 2022), I opt for a longitudinal comparison by assessing the impact of different periods. For this purpose, I select short time sequences of 3 years since the start of the period of analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…That the strength of certain movements (and respective media coverage) influences party behaviour, has been shown empirically (Hutter & Vliegenthart, 2018). In the field of environmental studies, the public visibility of anti GMO‐movements has been associated with hostile policies towards GMOs among European governments and parties (Kurzer & Cooper, 2007; Schwörer et al., 2022). Regarding the climate issue and compared to previous climate movements, it is particularly FFF that has gained extensive media attention and is expected to have influenced politics in Europe (De Moor et al., 2021; Marquardt, 2020).…”

Section: Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mainstream parties and global warming: What determines parties’ engagement in climate protection?

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Global warming is not only a serious threat for humanity but increasingly structures political competition in Western Europe. The rise of green (niche) parties and public awareness of the issue pressure mainstream parties to emphasise climate protection. Yet, while scholars reflect on the factors influencing mainstream parties’ environmental agendas, we know little about what triggers climate standpoints and about the role public opinion plays in this process. This study measures the salience of climate protection in 292 election manifestos of mainstream parties in 10 Western European countries since the 1990s and estimates the impact of different factors on their climate agenda using OLS regressions. The findings suggest that green parties are not the driving factor, and that it is the public salience of environmental issues and pressure from the Fridays for Future movement influencing mainstream parties’ agendas. Accordingly, mainstream parties seem to be responsive to public opinion pressure adopting climate protection stances. The study further proposes a different measure of niche party success than that used in previous studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The emergence of microbiological inputs and the challenging laboratorisation of agriculture: lessons from Brazil and Mexico

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In this article, we analyse the tensions associated with the emergence of microorganism-based agricultural inputs in two Latin American countries, Brazil and Mexico. More specifically, we examine the ways in which these technologies, which are based on the use of living organisms, leave public microbiology research laboratories and are further developed by manufacturers or farmers. To this end, we draw on the concept of the ‘laboratorisation’ of society, part of the actor-network theory. We show that the emergence of these technologies is currently facing a number of challenges, due to the risks associated with their biological nature and the difficulty involved in establishing production processes as reliable as those used in reference laboratories. Whether produced by companies or on farms, the quality and safety of the practices and of these products are the subject of debate, as well as the focus of scientific, economic and political scrutiny. These microbiological inputs are evidence for the transformation of the relationship between science, industry, users and politics that is taking place around the emergence of alternatives to synthetic chemical inputs in agriculture, and more broadly, about the use of microbiological resources in agriculture.

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Climate Sceptics or Climate Nationalists? Understanding and Explaining Populist Radical Right Parties’ Positions towards Climate Change (1990–2022)

Schwörer

Fernández-García

2023

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Populist radical right parties are often considered to be the most extreme opponents of climate protection in Western Europe. Others predict a ‘climate nationalism’ among populist radical right parties combining nativism with a pro-climate agenda. Based on a new data set on party positions on climate change, including 485 party manifestos – 76 from populist radical right parties – from the 1990s to 2022 in 10 Western European countries, we find that populist radical right parties are divided but generally less likely to speak out for climate protection than other parties, which rather contradicts the climate nationalism argument. We find that populist radical right parties only became more aware of the issue since 2019 in the face of the mass mobilizations of Fridays for Future and, to a lesser extent, when it became a visible issue within the party system. Thus, we argue that populist radical right parties are forced to talk about the climate when the issue is emphasized by organized actors.

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The rise and fall of GMOs in politics: party positions and mainstream party behaviour in Western Europe

Cited by 3 publications

References 50 publications

Mainstream parties and global warming: What determines parties’ engagement in climate protection?

Mainstream parties and global warming: What determines parties’ engagement in climate protection?

The emergence of microbiological inputs and the challenging laboratorisation of agriculture: lessons from Brazil and Mexico

Climate Sceptics or Climate Nationalists? Understanding and Explaining Populist Radical Right Parties’ Positions towards Climate Change (1990–2022)

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