“…School leaders find themselves at the forefront of a complex and dynamic environment, where the demands and expectations placed upon them have reached unprecedented heights (Ghamrawi & Tamim, 2022;Chatzipanagiotou & Katsarou, 2023;Tamadoni et al, 2024). The efficacy of school leadership, therefore, hinges upon the continuous development and refinement of the skills, knowledge, and strategies needed to navigate these turbulent waters (Ghamrawi & Abu-Tineh, 2023, Ghamrawi et al, 2023a2024a, b, c, d, e;Lumban Gaol, 2023).…”