The Rise and Impact of COVID-19 in India

Kumar, Sanjit; Kumar, Dhirendra; Christopher, B. Prabhu; Doss, C. George Priya

doi:10.3389/fmed.2020.00250

Cited by 136 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This lack of recommended treatments has resulted in companies and individuals exploiting the opportunity often with misinformation [96][97][98] . Misinformation and the endorsement of hydroxychloroquine by Governments and others [99][100][101][102][103][104] has increased prices alongside hospitalizations and deaths from poisoning 100,[105][106][107][108] . This is a concern in countries such as Bangladesh with potentially catastrophic consequences for families, especially if funds for other diseases are diverted towards purchasing increasingly expensive unproven treatments.…”

Section: Risk Factors and Approaches To Prevent And Treat Covid-19 -Gmentioning

confidence: 99%

Availability and price changes of potential medicines and equipment for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 among pharmacy and drug stores in Bangladesh; findings and implications

Haque

Islam

Iqbal

et al. 2020

Bangladesh J Med Sci

107

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Objective: There are concerns with increased prices and drug shortages for pertinent medicines and personal protective equipment (PPE) to prevent and treat COVID-19 enhanced by misinformation. Community pharmacists and drug stores play a significant role in disease management in Bangladesh due to high co-payments. Consequently, a need to review prices and availability in the pandemic. Materials and Methods: Multiple approach involving a review and questionnaire among pharmacies and stores early March to end May 2020. Results and Discussion: 170 pharmacies and drug stores took part, giving a response rate of 63.9%. Encouragingly, no change in utilization of antimalarial medicines in 51.2% of stores despite global endorsements. However, increased utilisation of antibiotics (70.6%), analgesics (97.6%), vitamins (90.6%) and PPE (over 95%). Encouragingly, increases in purchasing of PPE. No increase in prices among 50% of the stores for antimalarials, with a similar situation for antibiotics (65.3%), analgesics (54.7%), and vitamins (51.8%). However, price increases typically for PPE (over 90% of stores). Shortages also seen for medicines and PPE, again greater for PPE. Conclusions: The pandemic has impacted on the supply and prices of medicines and PPE in Bangladesh. Key stakeholder groups can play a role addressing misinformation, with enhanced local production helping address future shortages and prices. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(0) 2020 p. S 36-S 50

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Section: Risk Factors and Approaches To Prevent And Treat Covid-19 -Gmentioning

confidence: 99%

Availability and price changes of potential medicines and equipment for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 among pharmacy and drug stores in Bangladesh; findings and implications

Haque

Islam

Iqbal

et al. 2020

Bangladesh J Med Sci

107

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“…On May 17, 2020, the day when this analysis was undertaken, 4,717,079 subjects in 214 countries have been diagnosed to have COVID-19, of whom 312,388 (6.6%) died. The first patient with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was confirmed in India on January 30, , 2020 ( 2 ). On the day of this analysis, 90,648 were diagnosed having COVID-19 in India, of whom 2,871 (3.2%) died.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Spectrum of Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Patients With Coronavirus Disease-19: Predictors, Relationship With Disease Severity, and Outcome

Ghoshal¹,

Ghoshal²,

Mathur³

et al. 2020

Clin Transl Gastroenterol

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INTRODUCTION: We prospectively studied the frequency, spectrum, and predictors of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms among patients with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) and the relationship between GI symptoms and the severity and outcome. METHODS: Consecutive patients with COVID-19, diagnosed in a university hospital referral laboratory in northern India, were evaluated for clinical manifestations including GI symptoms, their predictors, and the relationship between the presence of these symptoms, disease severity, and outcome on univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: Of 16,317 subjects tested for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA in their oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal swabs during April–May 2020, 252 (1.5%) were positive. Of them, 208 (82.5%) were asymptomatic; of the 44 symptomatic patients, 18 (40.9%) had non-GI symptoms, 15 (34.1%) had a combination of GI and non-GI symptoms, and 11 (25.0%) had GI symptoms only. Thirty-three had mild-to-moderate disease, 8 severe, and 5 critical. Five patients (1.98%) died. On multivariate analysis, the factors associated with the presence of GI symptoms included the absence of contact history and presence of non-GI symptoms and comorbid illnesses. Patients with GI synptoms more often had severe, critical illness and fatal outcome than those without GI symptoms. DISCUSSION: Eighty-two percent of patients with COVID-19 were asymptomatic, and 10.3% had GI symptoms; severe and fatal disease occurred only in 5% and 2%, respectively. The presence of GI symptoms was associated with a severe illness and fatal outcome on multivariate analysis. Independent predictors of GI symptoms included the absence of contact history, presence of non-GI symptoms, and comorbid illnesses. JOURNAL/cltg/04.03/01720094-202012000-00003/inline-graphic1/v/2023-10-25T013615Z/r/image-tiff

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“…To date, 12 million cases and over 550,000 deaths due to this disease have been reported worldwide [3] . Several researchers have observed a high degree of variation in the prevalence and mortality associated with COVID-19, both between widely separated countries [4] , [5] , [6] and within the same continent or country [7] , [8] , [9] . A variety of factors have been hypothesized to be responsible for this variability, including prior exposure to other respiratory coronaviruses [4] , demographic variations across or within countries [6] , [9] , cultural factors that may influence disease transmission [6] , the enforcement of restrictive measures by local and federal governments and the level of trust of the general public in these measures [5] , [6] , [7] and genetic variants of SARS-CoV-2 itself [10] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prior infection with intestinal coronaviruses moderates symptom severity and mortality in patients with COVID-19: A hypothesis and preliminary evidence

Rajkumar

2020

Medical Hypotheses

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The Rise and Impact of COVID-19 in India

Cited by 136 publications

References 19 publications

Availability and price changes of potential medicines and equipment for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 among pharmacy and drug stores in Bangladesh; findings and implications

Availability and price changes of potential medicines and equipment for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 among pharmacy and drug stores in Bangladesh; findings and implications

The Spectrum of Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Patients With Coronavirus Disease-19: Predictors, Relationship With Disease Severity, and Outcome

Prior infection with intestinal coronaviruses moderates symptom severity and mortality in patients with COVID-19: A hypothesis and preliminary evidence

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