The rise of muon content in extensive air showers after the 3 PeV knee of the primary cosmic ray spectrum according to data of the Tien Shan mountain installation

Shepetov, A. L.; Shaulov, S.B.; Likiy, O. I.; Ryabov, V. A.; Sadykov, T. Kh.; Saduev, N.O.; Zhukov, V. V.

doi:10.1016/j.astropartphys.2021.102642

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The latter option seems to be the most promising, which is confirmed by previous studies [9,10]. However, its implementation requires the construction of a large-area detector covering a surface of the order 200-500 m 2 .…”

Section: Jinst 17 C04014mentioning

confidence: 55%

Study of the spatiotemporal structure of extensive air showers at high energies

Kalikulov¹,

Saduyev²,

Shaulov³

et al. 2022

J. Inst.

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In a series of works carried out at the Tien-Shan High Altitude Science Station (TSHASS), a penetrating component of extensive air showers (EAS) caused by cosmic rays (CR) with energy of the primary particle above 1 PeV was discovered. The local increase in the energy of secondary hadrons in the EAS cores in the region of the CR spectrum slope change around energy of 3 PeV, the so-called “knee”. The problem of knee formation currently is one of the currently still open mysteries in astrophysics. The studies carried out at the TSHASS show that more information on the knee region can be obtained by studying the characteristics of the EAS cores. At present, a large installation with an area of several hundred square meters is being constructed at the station to study the EAS cores in the “knee” region. The installation is located at an altitude of 3330 meters above sea level near the city of Almaty, Kazakhstan.

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Section: Jinst 17 C04014mentioning

confidence: 55%

Study of the spatiotemporal structure of extensive air showers at high energies

Kalikulov¹,

Saduyev²,

Shaulov³

et al. 2022

J. Inst.

Self Cite

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“…The increase in energy can be attributed to the appearance of the proton component. However, in this case, the energy dissipation in the atmosphere should decrease and the number of muons in the EAS should also decrease, which is in direct contradiction with the situation [12].…”

Section: Non-nuclear Component In Crmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…It could be possible to explain the increase of the average energy of secondary hadrons at E 0 ≃ 3 PeV by appearance of a new proton component among the cosmic rays in this region. However, such an interpretation attempt contradicts to the data of the HADRON experiment on the muon content of EAS cores which are shown in [12].…”

Section: Non-nuclear Component In Crmentioning

confidence: 72%

The composition of cosmic rays according to the data on EAS cores

Shaulov,

Ryabov,

Pyatovsky

et al. 2023

SciPost Phys. Proc.

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The main purpose of this work is to find the causes of the break of the cosmic ray spectrum at an energy of 3 PeV, which is called the knee. The solution of the problem is associated with the determination of the nuclear composition of cosmic rays in the knee area. The conclusions of this work are based on the analysis of the characteristics of the EAS cores obtained using X-ray emulsion chambers. According to these data, a number of anomalous effects are observed in the knee region, such as scaling violation in the spectra of secondary hadrons, an excess of muons in EAS with gamma families and others. At the same energies equivalent to 1-100 PeV the laboratory system colliders show scaling behavior. So analysis of the data on the EAS cores suggests that the knee in their spectrum is formed by a component of cosmic rays of a non-nuclear nature, possibly consisting of stable (quasi-stable) particles of hypothetical strange quark matter, which named strangelets. This is the only model of the knee compatible with the magnetic rigidity of the nuclear spectra break R=100 TV. In fact, stranglets are stable heavy quasi-nuclei with a positive electric charge of Z=30-1000, so the mechanism of their acceleration coincides with the nuclear one. The break of the cosmic ray spectrum can be associated with a significantly larger mass of strangelets compared to nuclei.

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On the cooling time of strange quark stars and possibility of their fast cooling

Kupriyanova,

Shaulov

2024

Annals of Physics

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The rise of muon content in extensive air showers after the 3 PeV knee of the primary cosmic ray spectrum according to data of the Tien Shan mountain installation

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

Study of the spatiotemporal structure of extensive air showers at high energies

Study of the spatiotemporal structure of extensive air showers at high energies

The composition of cosmic rays according to the data on EAS cores

On the cooling time of strange quark stars and possibility of their fast cooling

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