This article describes the political motivations and economic actions of China’s global agribusiness project in the Brazilian soybean commodity chain. To verify these facts, we use literature review and qualitative data analysis through a long-term description of the political and economic actions of the Chinese agents. Additionally, we connect Chinese investments on the Brazilian soybean commodity chain as a practical representation of these actions. In sum, the article highlighted that long-term structures influence current actions in China and is being strengthened by the active participation of Chinese firms in commodity chains, such as Brazilian soybean.