The Rivermead Post Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire

Potter, Seb; Leigh, Eleanor; Wade, Derick T; Fleminger, Simon

doi:10.1007/s00415-006-0275-z

Cited by 221 publications

(233 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Previous studies have demonstrated that post-concussive symptoms can be broadly categorized into physical, emotional, and cognitive clusters, with a high degree of overlap between them, [19][20][21][22] but neither the incidence of these symptoms nor their relative burden throughout the recovery period have been well described in children. 23,24 Here we show that although the majority of children initially present to care after ARTICLE PEDIATRICS Volume 133, Number 6, June 2014a concussion with symptoms of headache, dizziness, and fatigue, new symptoms often develop during the recovery course, particularly those that have a substantial emotional component.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, despite being characterized as somatic symptoms, both sleep issues and fatigue may have a significant emotional component, so careful attention should be paid to coincident emotional symptoms in children who have these complaints. 21 The emotional symptoms of concussion (frustration, depression, irritability, and restlessness) were not commonly reported on presentation, but did develop in large numbers of patients during follow-up and were among the symptoms that lasted the longest. An exception to this was depression, which developed in only 8.6% of patients who did not report it initially.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Duration and Course of Post-Concussive Symptoms

2014

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OBJECTIVES: To examine the incidence, duration, and clinical course of individual post-concussive symptoms in patients presenting to a pediatric emergency department (ED) with a concussion. METHODS: We conducted secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study of patients 11 to 22 years old presenting to the ED of a children’s hospital with an acute concussion. The main outcome measure was duration of symptoms, assessed by the Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire (RPSQ). Patients initially completed a questionnaire describing mechanism of injury, associated symptoms, past medical history, and the RPSQ, then were serially administered the RPSQ for 3 months after the concussion or until all symptoms resolved. RESULTS: Headache, fatigue, dizziness, and taking longer to think were the most common symptoms encountered at presentation, whereas sleep disturbance, frustration, forgetfulness, and fatigue were the symptoms most likely to develop during the follow-up period that had not initially been present. Median duration of symptoms was the longest for irritability (16 days), sleep disturbance (16 days), frustration (14 days), and poor concentration (14 days), whereas nausea, depression, dizziness, and double-vision abated most quickly. One month after injury, nearly a quarter of children still complained of headache, >20% suffered from fatigue, and nearly 20% reported taking longer to think. CONCLUSIONS: Among patients presenting to a pediatric ED after a concussion, physical symptoms such as headache predominate immediately after the injury, emotional symptoms tend to develop later in the recovery period, and cognitive symptoms may be present throughout.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Duration and Course of Post-Concussive Symptoms

2014

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“…The number and severity of symptoms were collected using the Rivermead Post-Concussion symptoms Questionnaire (RPQ; [60][61][62]), as in previous studies [11,14,21,39,40,53,63]. PCS was diagnosed if participants reported that three (or more) of the symptom categories listed in the ICD-10 criteria were more of a problem after the head injury.…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-concussion syndrome: Prevalence after mild traumatic brain injury in comparison with a sample without head injury

2011

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Primary Objective: To compare the prevalence of persistent post-concussion syndrome (PCS; > 1 year post-injury) in participants with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and those without head injury.Research Design: Cross-sectional sample of 119 participants with mTBI and 246 without previous head injury.Methods: Online questionnaires collected data about post-concussion symptoms, cognitive failures, anxiety, depression, sleep behaviour and post-traumatic stress disorder. Variability within the sample was addressed by splitting by PCS diagnosis to create four groups: mTBI+PCS, mTBI-PCS, Control+PCS and Control-PCS. PCS was diagnosed using ICD-10 criteria in all groups, with controls not requiring previous head injury. Main Outcomes and Results: PCS was present to a similar extent in participants with no head injury (34%) compared to those with mTBI (31%). Only report of headaches, which could be caused by expectation bias, distinguished between mTBI+PCS and Control+PCS groups. In addition, significantly higher cognitive problems were observed in participants with mTBI compared with the control group Conclusions: Persistent PCS, as currently defined, is not specific to mTBI. These data suggest that somatic and cognitive symptoms are most likely to be able to distinguish PCS after mTBI from that present in the general population. Further research is necessary into these factors in order to create more specific PCS diagnostic criteria. PCS in populations with and without mTBI 3

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“…The RPCSQ 37-39 is a 16-item self-report of cognitive, emotional, and somatic complaints that are commonly reported after mTBI. Factor analyses have elicited a three-factor solution comprising cognitive, somatic, and emotional problems, 39 although variations have been reported. 40 The participants were asked to rate the severity of each symptom (currently compared with pre-injury levels) from 0 -''not experienced at all'' to 4 -''severe problem.''…”

Section: Emotional and Post-concussion Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of Early Emotional and Neuropsychological Sequelae after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

McCauley

Wilde

Barnes

et al. 2014

Journal of Neurotrauma

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Although mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is now recognized as a major health issue, there have been relatively few studies of its acute effects. Previous studies of mTBI assessed at 1 week or less post-injury have produced inconsistent results, spanning reports of no ill effects to findings of robust dysfunction. These gross disparities reflect study differences such as the criteria for mTBI diagnosis and selection of comparison groups. In consideration of these issues, this study investigated outcome in the first 96 hours after injury in adolescents and adults ages 12-30 years with mTBI (n = 73) compared with orthopedically injured (OI, n = 65) and typically developing controls (TDC, n = 40). The mTBI group reported significantly greater general psychological distress, post-concussion symptom severity, and post-traumatic stress severity than OI (all p < 0.0001) and TDC (all p < 0.0001); the OI and TDC groups responded similarly on these variables. There was a significant Group · Age interaction on the Total score ( p < 0.009), and the Cognitive ( p = 0.01) and Somatic ( p < 0.032) subscales of the Rivermead Post Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire where increasing symptom severity was associated with increasing age in the mTBI group. On neuropsychological assessment, the mTBI group performed significantly more poorly compared with OI for Verbal Selective Reminding Test (delayed recall, p = 0.0003) and SymbolDigit Modalities Test (SDMT written p = 0.03; oral, p = 0.001). The TDC group more robustly outperformed the mTBI group on these measures and also on the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test (delayed recall, p < 0.04), Letter Fluency ( p < 0.02), and Category Switching ( p < 0.04). The TDC group outperformed the OI group on SDMT and Letter Fluency. These findings are consistent with previous reports of acute deficits in episodic memory and processing speed acutely after mTBI. Notably, however, these data also demonstrate the challenges of comparison group selection because differences were also found between the TDC and OI groups.

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The Rivermead Post Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire

Cited by 221 publications

References 78 publications

Duration and Course of Post-Concussive Symptoms

Duration and Course of Post-Concussive Symptoms

Post-concussion syndrome: Prevalence after mild traumatic brain injury in comparison with a sample without head injury

Patterns of Early Emotional and Neuropsychological Sequelae after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

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