The rocky road from acts to dispositions.

Jones, Edward E.

doi:10.1037/0003-066x.34.2.107

Cited by 601 publications

(492 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Participants' ratings of how much they and their peers would moderate their initial dispositional inferences about a constrained actors' behavior, made after participants learned that either a dispositional or situational explanatory style conferred significant life advantages. tional influences (Gilbert & Malone, 1995;Jones, 1979Jones, , 1990Ross, 1977). The foregoing studies indicate that people in individualistic cultures expect other social perceivers to be more prone to this correspondence bias than they are themselves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Intuitions about situational correction in self and others.

Boven¹,

White²,

Kamada³

et al. 2003

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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People's attributional phenomenology is likely to be characterized by effortful situational correction. Drawing on this phenomenology and on people's desire to view themselves more favorably than others, the authors hypothesized that people expect others to engage in less situational correction than themselves and to make more extreme dispositional attributions for constrained actors' behavior. In 2 studies, people expected their peers to make more extreme dispositional inferences than they did themselves for a situationally constrained actor's behavior. People's expectation that they engage in more situational correction than their peers was diminished among Japanese participants, who have less desire to view themselves as superior to their peers (Study 3), and among participants who were led to view dispositional attributions more favorably than situational attributions (Study 4).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Intuitions about situational correction in self and others.

Boven¹,

White²,

Kamada³

et al. 2003

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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“…Nevertheless, we hesitate to suggest that a selfcausal chunking strategy will completely eradicate the tendency for people to overestimate the role of dispositional factors when interpreting the behavior of others. After all, the tendency to overemphasize dispositional causes of others' behavior is so pervasive that one theorist (Ross, 1977) has dubbed it the "fundamental attribution error" (see also Jones, 1979). Furthermore, some evidence (e.g., Gilbert & Jones, 1986;Gilbert, Pelham, & Krull, 1987;Jones & Harris, 1967) and theorizing (Gilbert, 1987) suggests that it may be impossible to completely wipe out the tendency for people to regard the behaviors of others as reflections of underlying traits.…”

Section: Genera] Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causal chunking: Memory and inference in ongoing interaction.

Swann¹,

Pelham²,

Roberts³

1987

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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We propose that people simplify their perceptions of their interactions by organizing them into discrete causal chunks. Once formed, these chunks presumably influence the extent to which people are aware of their influence on others, as well as their impressions of others. We anticipated that people would form self-causal chunks (e.g., my action causes my partner's action) when they possessed an offensive set and other-causal chunks when they possessed a defensive set. We also expected that a self-causal chunking strategy would make salient people's influence on their partners and thereby discourage them from concluding that their partners' behaviors reflected underlying dispositions. In contrast, we anticipated that an other-causal chunking strategy would obscure people's influence on their partners, thereby encouraging them to infer that their partners' behaviors reflected underlying dispositions. We tested these hypotheses by inducing participants to develop either a defensive or an offensive set prior to interacting with another person in a simulated arms race. After the interactions, we assessed the manner in which participants chunked their interactions, as well as their impressions of partners. The results supported our predictions. The implications of these findings for understanding conflict and misunderstanding in interpersonal relations are discussed.

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“…Attribution theory says that people in Western cultures typically exaggerate the role of individuals ' motives and intentions while downplaying the role of contextual or societal factors. Psychologist s have termed this the fundamental attribution error (Jones, 1979). Research has shown that certain kinds of news frames tend to encourage this fundamental attribution error of placing responsibility with individuals , while other kinds of news frames are associated with a tendency to attribute responsibilit y more to societal factors than to individuals .…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite its greater validity and generalizability, base rate information does not exert a strong effect on the audiences' perceptions or judgments. In fact, people tend to ignore base rate information when even imsy speci®c evidence in the form of exemplars is present (Kahneman & Tversky, 1973).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%