The Role and Importance of Agriculture in Ensuring the Economic and Social Stability of Society (On the Example of the Republic of Tatarstan)

Abstract

Agriculture plays a critical role in ensuring the economic and social stability of society, since the production of domestic agricultural products and their provision to the needs of the population creates the basis for food security, jobs, contributes to the development of rural areas and influences the economic growth of the country. The cost and natural indicators of the development of the agricultural sector of the Republic of Tatarstan, its effectiveness show ambiguous trends. Thus, the value of gross agricultural output in the republic for 2018-2023 increased with an annual growth rate of 22.88 billion rubles. However, the natural volumes of crop production are decreasing, while the production of the main types of livestock products, on the contrary, has a growth trend. The level of profitability of crop production is decreasing, while livestock production has increased slightly. In general, the provision of the main agricultural products in the republic remains stably high. But this result is achieved through the use of internal reserves of agricultural enterprises, which can be exhausted, since the existing profitability in the main branches of agriculture does not allow conducting economic activity at the level of self-sufficiency. The socio-economic efficiency of agriculture in the region remains at a fairly low level, which is reflected in a further decrease in the rural population, birth rate and excess of mortality over birth rate in rural areas and, as a consequence, in the aging of the rural population. A way out of this situation may be a change in macroeconomic policy within the country aimed at ensuring the growth of investment in the innovative development of industries of the real sector of the economy.