The Role and Mechanism of Essential Selenoproteins for Homeostasis

Ye, Ruihua; Huang, Jia‐Qiang; Wang, Zixu; Chen, Yaoxing; Dong, Yulan

doi:10.3390/antiox11050973

Cited by 54 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…Selenium even reduces levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and cyclooxygenase-2 produced by macrophages in response to endotoxins and down-regulates the expression of adhesion molecules. In addition, it also contributes to the metabolism of arachidonic acid and eicosanes ( 42 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between levels of blood trace minerals and periodontitis among United States adults

et al. 2022

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AimEvidence linking trace minerals and periodontitis is limited. To investigate the relationship between trace minerals (selenium, manganese, lead, cadmium, and mercury) and periodontitis, data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were analyzed after accounting for potential confounding factors. No known studies have explored the relationship between these five trace minerals and periodontitis.Materials and methodsA total of 4,964 participants who had undergone a full-mouth periodontal examination and laboratory tests for five trace minerals were studied in a cross-sectional study. Clinical attachment loss (CAL) and periodontitis grading were used to measure periodontitis severity. Linear and logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between trace minerals and periodontitis. Further subgroup analyses were performed.ResultsBlood lead and cadmium levels were positively associated with mean CAL, and blood selenium was negatively associated with mean CAL; however, blood mercury, blood manganese, and mean CAL were not significantly associated. The association between trace minerals and mean CAL was more significant in males, the elderly, and patients with diabetes. There was a threshold effect between blood cadmium levels and mean CAL. Among the Black population, the relationship between blood cadmium levels and mean CAL followed an inverted U-shaped curve. There was a saturation effect in the study of blood lead in people aged 45–59 years old.ConclusionOur study highlighted that blood selenium, lead, and cadmium levels were significantly associated with periodontitis in a nationally representative sample of United States adults.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between levels of blood trace minerals and periodontitis among United States adults

et al. 2022

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“…Most of the activities of selenium in organisms are attributed to the currently known 25 selenoproteins that contain selenocysteine as the 21st proteogenic amino acid. They have many functions in their capacity as antioxidants, in redox signaling, in the metabolism of thyroid hormone and the liberation of iodide, in protein folding and in selenium transport and storage, while some of the functions are as yet unknown [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Physical and (Bio)chemical Properties Of Iodine And Seleniummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main derives from inorganic selenite and selenate and is an active pool for selenoprotein synthesis. The second is the release of selenoamino acids, in particular selenomethionine, from their protein structures during protein turnover [ 9 , 13 , 14 ]. Selenocysteine is highly reactive in redox reactions and maintained at appropriate levels, whereas the less reactive selenomethionine is metabolized as the essential sulfur analog methionine.…”

Section: Physical and (Bio)chemical Properties Of Iodine And Seleniummentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroidal and Extrathyroidal Requirements for Iodine and Selenium: A Combined Evolutionary and (Patho)Physiological Approach

Dijck-Brouwer

Muskiet²,

Verheesen³

et al. 2022

Nutrients

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Iodide is an antioxidant, oxidant and thyroid hormone constituent. Selenoproteins are needed for triiodothyronine synthesis, its deactivation and iodine release. They also protect thyroidal and extrathyroidal tissues from hydrogen peroxide used in the ‘peroxidase partner system’. This system produces thyroid hormone and reactive iodine in exocrine glands to kill microbes. Exocrine glands recycle iodine and with high urinary clearance require constant dietary supply, unlike the thyroid. Disbalanced iodine-selenium explains relations between thyroid autoimmune disease (TAD) and cancer of thyroid and exocrine organs, notably stomach, breast, and prostate. Seafood is iodine unconstrained, but selenium constrained. Terrestrial food contains little iodine while selenium ranges from highly deficient to highly toxic. Iodine vs. TAD is U-shaped, but only low selenium relates to TAD. Oxidative stress from low selenium, and infection from disbalanced iodine-selenium, may generate cancer of thyroid and exocrine glands. Traditional Japanese diet resembles our ancient seashore-based diet and relates to aforementioned diseases. Adequate iodine might be in the milligram range but is toxic at low selenium. Optimal selenoprotein-P at 105 µg selenium/day agrees with Japanese intakes. Selenium upper limit may remain at 300–400 µg/day. Seafood combines iodine, selenium and other critical nutrients. It brings us back to the seashore diet that made us what we currently still are.

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“…Selenium (Se) functions mainly through Se-dependent proteins. Glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) is the rst identi ed selenoprotein and belongs to one of two major antioxidant enzymes families [1][2][3][4] . Se was taken as an essential trace element for humans and animals due to its antioxidant and anti-in ammatory properties [5] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The abnormal glucose metabolism due to endogenous serine synthesis for selenoprotein expression in vitro under high-Se

Wang

Zhan

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Objective: The purpose of this study is to observe whether the glycolysis bypass is activated under high-Se stress. Method: Firstly, five different concentrations of selenomethionine (SeMet, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 mmol/L) were added into the three kinds of cell lines (L02, HepG2 and HCT-116) and incubated for 48 hours. The expressions of selenoproteins (GPX1 and SELENOP) and key enzymes for the de novo serine biosynthesis (PHGDH) or synthetic serine as the one carbon unit donor (SHMT1) were analyzed by ELISA and WB to screen the most sensitive cell line. Then, with more detailed levels of SeMet (0.001, 0.005, 0.01, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 10 µmol/L) given, L02 cell was cultured for 48 hours to analyze the trends of selenoproteins and serine-related metabolic enzymes by WB. Finally, the impact of exogenous serine or glycine on the expressions of selenoproteins and metabolic enzymes were evaluated in L02 cell cultured in high-Se media. Result: Unlike in HepG2 cell and HCT-116 cell, the expression trend of selenoproteins and key metabolic enzymes with increased SeMet concentration is similar in L02 cells, which is a parabola with slight differences at the top. The corresponding SeMet concentration for the inflection point of GPx1, SELENOP, PHGDH and SHMT1 is 0.075µmol/L, 0.05µmol/L, 0.05µmol/L and 0.05µmol/L respectively. Also in L02 cell cultured in high-Se media (added with 0.05µmol/L SeMet), there were dose-dependent feedback inhibition effects of exogenous serine or glycine on the expressions of PHGDH. Meanwhile there were promotional effects of exogenous serine or glycine on the expressions of GPx1 and SELENOP. Conclusions: The L02 cell line is the most suitable for the studies of selenoprotein expression and regulation in vitro among the three kinds of cell lines. Under high-Se stress, the serine de novo synthetic pathway might be utilized to synthesize more endogenous serine and could be feedback inhibited by exogenous serine or glycine. Further research works need to be taken based on the well-tested high-Se induced IR animal models.

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The Role and Mechanism of Essential Selenoproteins for Homeostasis

Cited by 54 publications

References 109 publications

Association between levels of blood trace minerals and periodontitis among United States adults

Association between levels of blood trace minerals and periodontitis among United States adults

Thyroidal and Extrathyroidal Requirements for Iodine and Selenium: A Combined Evolutionary and (Patho)Physiological Approach

The abnormal glucose metabolism due to endogenous serine synthesis for selenoprotein expression in vitro under high-Se

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