The role and the necessary features of electrolytes for microsupercapacitors

Vijayakumar, Vidyanand; Ghosh, Meena; Soni, Roby; Anothumakkool, Bihag; Kurungot, Sreekumar; Winter, Martin; Nair, Jijeesh Ravi

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-102888-9.00003-3

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 214 publications

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“…The earlier reports suggest that the order of magnitude of the ionic conductivity of the PVA-based zinc-ion conducting aqueous electrolytes lies between 10 –2 and 10 –3 S cm –1 . In contrast, the same for the liquid electrolyte reaches a value greater than 1 S cm –1 . , Besides, due to the high viscosity of the gel electrolyte, the electrolyte infiltration into the interior of the electrode material (the electrode|electrolyte interface) would be inferior compared to that of a conventional liquid electrolyte . Ultimately, the higher R ct value associated with the quasi-solid-state device is due to the inferior ion transport and poor electrode|electrolyte interface within the bulk regions of the electrode material imparted by the PVA/Zn(OTf) 2 gel electrolyte compared to the liquid counterpart.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…68,69 Besides, due to the high viscosity of the gel electrolyte, the electrolyte infiltration into the interior of the electrode material (the electrode|electrolyte interface) would be inferior compared to that of a conventional liquid electrolyte. 70 Ultimately, the higher R ct value associated with the quasi-solid-state device is due to the inferior ion transport and poor electrode|electrolyte interface within the bulk regions of the electrode material imparted by the PVA/ Zn(OTf) 2 gel electrolyte compared to the liquid counterpart. The QSS-Zn∥fTCF/VP-200 cell delivers appreciable cycling stability (at 0.333 A g −1 ), showing 99% retention of the initial capacity over 2000 cycles (Figure S21).…”

Section: The Atomic Percentage Ratios Of [V]/[p] [Na]/[v] and [V]/[o]mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrodeposited Layered Sodium Vanadyl Phosphate (Na_xVOPO₄·nH₂O) as Cathode Material for Aqueous Rechargeable Zinc Metal Batteries

et al. 2022

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Aqueous rechargeable zinc metal batteries (ARZMBs) present a safer and cost-effective solution for energy storage in stationary applications. However, a major challenge is the lack of suitable cathode materials simultaneously exhibiting high operating voltage and long cycling stability. Herein, we report the polyanionic sodium-intercalated layered vanadyl phosphate [Na x VOPO 4 •nH 2 O (NVP)] as a suitable high-voltage and stable cathode for ARZMBs. This work employs a simpler electrochemical route (electrodeposition) for the synthesis of NVP over functionalized carbon fiber substrates and its application as a binder-free cathode in ARZMBs. The electrodeposited NVP possesses a morphology of vertically aligned well-separated nanosheet bundles resembling a flower. When used as the ARZMB cathode, the NVP electrode delivers a specific discharge capacity of 100 mA h g −1 at 0.033 A g −1 and high cycling stability (98% retention of the initial capacity over 1100 cycles at 0.333 A g −1 ) in a mild aqueous electrolyte with moderate zinc salt concentration. The observed electrochemical performance of NVP is credited to the synergistic effect of unique nanoflower morphology, the pillaring effect offered by the intercalated Na, and the intimate contact of the active material with the carbon fiber network. These factors are favorable for enhancing the transport of the electrolyte ions and electrons and maintaining the structural stability of the electrode during long-term cycling. The NVP electrode could also deliver appreciable performance (a discharge capacity of 73 mA h g −1 and a current density of 0.033 A g −1 ) in quasi-solidstate ARZMB cells employing PVA/Zn(CF 3 SO 3 ) 2 gel electrolyte.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: The Atomic Percentage Ratios Of [V]/[p] [Na]/[v] and [V]/[o]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodeposited Layered Sodium Vanadyl Phosphate (Na_xVOPO₄·nH₂O) as Cathode Material for Aqueous Rechargeable Zinc Metal Batteries

et al. 2022

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“…Aqueous KOH is an extensively studied electrolyte due to its high ionic conductivity, whilst protic IL electrolytes provide larger operating windows and energy density than aqueous electrolytes and better conductivity than aprotic ILs. [42][43][44] Mixing with organic mediators further enhances the charge transfer and ionic conductivity by significantly decreasing the viscosity (e.g. adding 50% of ACN into [N 2220 ][NTf 2 ] delivers a maximum conductivity).…”

Section: Electrochemical Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Advancing mesoporous carbon synthesis for supercapacitors: a systematic investigation of cross-linking agent effects on pore structure and functionality

Song,

Zhang,

Klusener

et al. 2023

Nanoscale

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“…[ 20 ] Room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs)‐based QSPEs exhibited feasible operability for wide temperature range and potential window (0 – 3.5 V), but have to be further developed for achieving long life cycle stability. [ 21 ] Also, the QSPE‐based energy storage devices with micro‐architecture exhibit relatively good mechanical flexibility and durability. [ 22 ] But those features are still low and the electrochemical performance of the device (energy density <1 µWh cm −2 ) is also insufficient to apply to practical devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioinspired Synaptic Branched Network within Quasi‐Solid Polymer Electrolyte for High‐Performance Microsupercapacitors

Lee,

Yang,

Choi

et al. 2024

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The branched network‐driven ion solvating quasi‐solid polymer electrolytes (QSPEs) are prepared via one‐step photochemical reaction. A poly(ethylene glycol diacrylate) (PEGDA) is combined with an ion‐conducting solvate ionic liquid (SIL), where tetraglyme (TEGDME), which acts like interneuron in the human brain and creates branching network points, is mixed with EMIM‐NTf2 and Li‐NTf2. The QSPE exhibits a unique gyrified morphology, inspired by the cortical surface of human brain, and features well‐refined nano‐scale ion channels. This human‐mimicking method offers excellent ion transport capabilities through a synaptic branched network with high ionic conductivity (σDC ≈ 1.8 mS cm−1 at 298 K), high dielectric constant (εs ≈ 125 at 298 K), and strong ion solvation ability, in addition to superior mechanical flexibility. Furthermore, the interdigitated microsupercapacitors (MSCs) based on the QSPE present excellent electrochemical performance of high energy (E = 5.37 µWh cm−2) and power density (P = 2.2 mW cm−2), long‐term cycle stability (≈94% retention after 48 000 cycles), and mechanical stability (>94% retention after continuous bending and compressing deformation). Moreover, these MSC devices have flame‐retarding properties and operate effectively in air and water across a wide temperature range (275 to 370 K), offering a promising foundation for high‐performance, stable next‐generation all‐solid‐state energy storage devices.

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The role and the necessary features of electrolytes for microsupercapacitors

Cited by 5 publications

References 214 publications

Electrodeposited Layered Sodium Vanadyl Phosphate (Na_xVOPO₄·nH₂O) as Cathode Material for Aqueous Rechargeable Zinc Metal Batteries

Electrodeposited Layered Sodium Vanadyl Phosphate (Na_xVOPO₄·nH₂O) as Cathode Material for Aqueous Rechargeable Zinc Metal Batteries

Advancing mesoporous carbon synthesis for supercapacitors: a systematic investigation of cross-linking agent effects on pore structure and functionality

Bioinspired Synaptic Branched Network within Quasi‐Solid Polymer Electrolyte for High‐Performance Microsupercapacitors

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The role and the necessary features of electrolytes for microsupercapacitors

Cited by 5 publications

References 214 publications

Electrodeposited Layered Sodium Vanadyl Phosphate (NaxVOPO4·nH2O) as Cathode Material for Aqueous Rechargeable Zinc Metal Batteries

Electrodeposited Layered Sodium Vanadyl Phosphate (NaxVOPO4·nH2O) as Cathode Material for Aqueous Rechargeable Zinc Metal Batteries

Advancing mesoporous carbon synthesis for supercapacitors: a systematic investigation of cross-linking agent effects on pore structure and functionality

Bioinspired Synaptic Branched Network within Quasi‐Solid Polymer Electrolyte for High‐Performance Microsupercapacitors

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Product

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Electrodeposited Layered Sodium Vanadyl Phosphate (Na_xVOPO₄·nH₂O) as Cathode Material for Aqueous Rechargeable Zinc Metal Batteries

Electrodeposited Layered Sodium Vanadyl Phosphate (Na_xVOPO₄·nH₂O) as Cathode Material for Aqueous Rechargeable Zinc Metal Batteries