The role of 6MWT in Covid-19 follow up

Ferioli, Martina; Prediletto, Irene; Bensai, Serena; Betti, Sara; Daniele, Fabio; Scioscio, Valerio Di; Modolon, Cecilia; Rimondi, Maria Rita; Nava, Stefano; Fasano, Luca

doi:10.1183/13993003.congress-2021.oa4046

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…The 6 min walking distance is a useful metrics of exercise capacity after COVID-19, as it correlates with the severity of acute disease and with pulmonary function/structure impairment in the post-acute phase [ 34 , 47 ]. In our study, participants allocated in the l -arginine plus vitamin C group showed clinically meaningful improvements [ 44 ] from baseline in the distance walked on the 6 min test compared with those who received a placebo.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of l-Arginine Plus Vitamin C Supplementation on Physical Performance, Endothelial Function, and Persistent Fatigue in Adults with Long COVID: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

et al. 2022

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Long COVID, a condition characterized by symptom and/or sign persistence following an acute COVID-19 episode, is associated with reduced physical performance and endothelial dysfunction. Supplementation of l-arginine may improve endothelial and muscle function by stimulating nitric oxide synthesis. A single-blind randomized, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in adults aged between 20 and 60 years with persistent fatigue attending a post-acute COVID-19 outpatient clinic. Participants were randomized 1:1 to receive twice-daily orally either a combination of 1.66 g l-arginine plus 500 mg liposomal vitamin C or a placebo for 28 days. The primary outcome was the distance walked on the 6 min walk test. Secondary outcomes were handgrip strength, flow-mediated dilation, and fatigue persistence. Fifty participants were randomized to receive either l-arginine plus vitamin C or a placebo. Forty-six participants (median (interquartile range) age 51 (14), 30 [65%] women), 23 per group, received the intervention to which they were allocated and completed the study. At 28 days, l-arginine plus vitamin C increased the 6 min walk distance (+30 (40.5) m; placebo: +0 (75) m, p = 0.001) and induced a greater improvement in handgrip strength (+3.4 (7.5) kg) compared with the placebo (+1 (6.6) kg, p = 0.03). The flow-mediated dilation was greater in the active group than in the placebo (14.3% (7.3) vs. 9.4% (5.8), p = 0.03). At 28 days, fatigue was reported by two participants in the active group (8.7%) and 21 in the placebo group (80.1%; p <0.0001). l-arginine plus vitamin C supplementation improved walking performance, muscle strength, endothelial function, and fatigue in adults with long COVID. This supplement may, therefore, be considered to restore physical performance and relieve persistent symptoms in this patient population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The primary outcome measure was the distance walked on the 6 min walk test [ 33 ]. The test is a valid and easy-to-perform measure of exercise capacity in people with chronic lung disease and is increasingly being used to assess the sequelae of COVID-19 [ 34 ]. All participants completed the test at baseline and after 28 days of intervention.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of l-Arginine Plus Vitamin C Supplementation on Physical Performance, Endothelial Function, and Persistent Fatigue in Adults with Long COVID: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

et al. 2022

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“…CAT is an eight item questionnaire used to assess cough, sputum, chest tightness, breathlessness, activity limitation, confidence leaving home, sleep and energy which are scored from 0 to 4 in each item, 0 corresponds to the least affected and 5 to the most affected [24] Exercise capacity was measured with a six-minute walking test (6MWT), for which the results of distance covered, oxygen saturation, heart rate (at the beginning, at the end and two minutes after the end of the test), blood pressure (at the beginning and two minutes after the end of the test), and Modified Borg Dyspnea Scale (at the end of the test) were collected [15,25,26]. This is a submaximal exercise test which consists of a patient walking for six minutes along a 30 m corridor with two cones marking the distance to be covered while being given a series of cues [17,21,[25][26][27][28].…”

Section: Outcomes Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multicomponent Exercise Program to Improve the Immediate Sequelae of COVID-19: A Prospective Study with a Brief Report of 2-Year Follow-Up

Rolando

Villafañe

García

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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COVID-19 placed teams of professionals in a hostile and unfamiliar environment where the lack of knowledge of its pathology led to the adaptation of programs used so far for other conditions to try to address the immediate sequelae of COVID-19 infection. That is why the aim of this study was to assess the effects of a multicomponent exercise program (MEP) in improving cardio-respiratory performance, health status, disability due to dyspnea, aerobic capacity and endurance, and the immediate sequelae of COVID-19. Thirty-nine patients referred from different hospital services were included in this study. An intervention of seven weeks with sessions twice a week was carried out, where patients underwent intervallic training sessions followed by strengthening exercises and individualized respiratory physiotherapy exercises. The results of this study show a significant improvement in cardio-respiratory performance, health status, disability due to dyspnea, and aerobic capacity and endurance after intervention; and an increase in health status and reduction in disability due to dyspnea at the 2-year follow-up. In addition, none of the patients had any adverse effects either pre-post treatment or at the 2-year follow-up. Individualized and monitored MEP in survivors of COVID-19 showed positive effects in a pre-post evaluation and the 2-year follow up, improving the immediate sequelae of post-COVID-19 patients. This highlights the importance of the professional background of the rehabilitation teams in adapting to an unknown clinical environment.

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“…For this reason, this study concluded that patients should be placed in a rehabilitation unit once they leave the ICU, for which an early rehabilitation protocol adapted to these patients would be proposed. Similarly, another study 33 highlighted the need to follow-up patients with hospital discharge. This study evaluated the benefits of the 6MWT and concluded that this test is pertinent because it is correlated with COVID-19 severity and functional impairment and can be used to determine improvement in exercise capacity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical, Functional, Psychological, and Social Effects of a Physical Activity Program in Adults and Older Adults During and/or After Hospitalization for COVID-19: A Systematic Review

Rosero¹,

Barreto²,

Ordoñez-Mora³

2022

RMHP

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Background: It is necessary to investigate the effects of physical activity (PA) on the recovery of adults and the elderly, considering PA positively affects pathologies that share similarities with COVID-19. We present the results of a systematic review whose objective was to analyze the physical, functional, psychological, and social effects of PA in adults and the elderly during and/or after hospitalization for COVID-19. Methods: Searches were conducted between July and August 2021, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and non-randomized interventional studies were included in the databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, EBSCOhost, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), and electronic search engines. Study quality was assessed using the PEDro for RCTs and the methodological index scale for non-randomized studies. This systematic review included original articles investigating the physical, functional, psychological, and social effects of any PA program on adults and older adults. Results: A total of 302 studies were found. After applying filters according to the eligibility criteria, five studies were finally included for analysis, three RCTs and two intervention studies without a control group. Although the studies measured different variables of the physical, functional, and psychological components, the results showed significant differences in the variables between the control and intervention groups in both the RCTs and the single-group studies. The variables assessed in the social aspect were less homogeneous. Conclusion:In the available scientific evidence, respiratory muscle training was the most widely used intervention, which showed positive results in the physical, pulmonary, psychological, and social components. More research is required on the effects of PA on the population studied.

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The role of 6MWT in Covid-19 follow up

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of l-Arginine Plus Vitamin C Supplementation on Physical Performance, Endothelial Function, and Persistent Fatigue in Adults with Long COVID: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

Effects of l-Arginine Plus Vitamin C Supplementation on Physical Performance, Endothelial Function, and Persistent Fatigue in Adults with Long COVID: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

Multicomponent Exercise Program to Improve the Immediate Sequelae of COVID-19: A Prospective Study with a Brief Report of 2-Year Follow-Up

Physical, Functional, Psychological, and Social Effects of a Physical Activity Program in Adults and Older Adults During and/or After Hospitalization for COVID-19: A Systematic Review

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