The Role of a DirectDensity® CT Reconstruction in a Radiotherapy Workflow: A Phantom Study

Abstract

The DirectDensity® CT reconstruction algorithm provides a reconstruction approach independent of the tube voltage, directly reconstructing the CT projection data into CT numbers related to the electron densities of the materials. This work examines the efficacy of DirectDensity® in the treatment planning process with both tissues and metallic materials. CT scans of a Cheese phantom were acquired at 80, 100, 120 and 140 kVp and reconstructed with different algorithms. Calibration curves were built for each kVp and reconstruction technique. To evaluate the flexibility of the DirectDensity® in dose calculations, a prostate cancer treatment plan was simulated on phantom images with and without metal inserts. Moreover, the robustness of the algorithm was tested by simulating a possible error in the selection of the calibration curve. As expected, the calibration curves related to DirectDensity® showed a tube voltage dependence only for densities above 1.82 g/cm3. The maximum percentage differences in dose distributions comparations never exceeded the 3% of tolerance and the 3D gamma analysis always returned indices greater than 90%. The results suggest that the DD reconstruction algorithm can be employed in most clinical cases and allows for a personalized radiotherapy cancer treatment workflow, maintaining its robustness and simplicity.

Benefits and considerations in using a novel computed tomography system optimized for radiotherapy planning

“…The performance of automatic contouring could be quantitatively evaluated in terms of time and quality by comparing it with manual contouring or other software solutions, following the approach of Bi et al [20] . Demonstrating unambiguous improvement in image quality and minimizing imaging dose can only be achieved through repeated phantom measurements, as it has been consistently demonstrated in previous studies [5] , [15] , [16] . This level of assessment is not feasible with patients.…”

“…Due to variable CT tube voltage with CarekV, Direct Density (DD) provides a reconstruction algorithm for images directly proportional to RED. This energy-independent approach allows for a single calibration curve across all tube voltages, though the calibration process is more intensive [15] , [16] .…”