The role of a phospholipase (PLD) in virulence of Purpureocillium lilacinum (Paecilomyces lilacinum)

Yang, Fan; Abdelnabby, Hazem; Xiao, Yanan

doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2015.05.008

Cited by 36 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In A. fumigatus, deletion of the pld gene greatly attenuated the virulence of the mutant strain in mice immunosuppressed with hydrocortisone acetate (Li et al 2012). This finding is consistent with recent reports demonstrating that the 3303 bp ORF of the Purpureocillium lilacinum pld gene encodes a protein of 1100 amino acids that is orthologous to an ORF from Penicillium oxalicum and A. fumigatus (Yang et al 2015). Pld from P. lilacinum was shown to be significantly upregulated during the infection of eggs from the root nematode Meloidogyne incognita.…”

Section: Virulence Determinantssupporting

confidence: 91%

The pathogenicity ofAspergillus fumigatus, drug resistance, and nanoparticle delivery

et al. 2018

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The genus Aspergillus includes fungal species that cause major health issues of significant economic importance. These microorganisms are also the culprit for production of carcinogenic aflatoxins in grain storages, contaminating crops, and economically straining the production process. Aspergillus fumigatus is a very important pathogenic species, being responsible for high human morbidity and mortality on a global basis. The prevalence of these infections in immunosuppressed individuals is on the rise, and physicians struggle with the diagnosis of these deadly pathogens. Several virulence determinants facilitate fungal invasion and evasion of the host immune response. Metabolic functions are also important for virulence and drug resistance, since they allow fungi to obtain nutrients for their own survival and growth. Following a positive diagnostic identification, mortality rates remain high due, in part, to emerging resistance to frequently used antifungal drugs. In this review, we discuss the role of the main virulence, drug target, and drug resistance determinants. We conclude with the review of new technologies being developed to treat aspergillosis. In particular, microsphere and nanoparticle delivery systems are discussed in the context of improving drug bioavailability. Aspergillus will likely continue to cause problematic infections in immunocompromised patients, so it is imperative to improve treatment options.

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Section: Virulence Determinantssupporting

confidence: 91%

The pathogenicity ofAspergillus fumigatus, drug resistance, and nanoparticle delivery

et al. 2018

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“…Purpureocillium lilacinum is one of the most promising and practicable biocontrol agents for the management of plant parasite nematodes (Yang et al 2015b). Previous studies indicated that this fungus adapts well in varied climatic conditions and is much effective in controlling root-knot nematodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This fungus is capable of infecting all life stages of the root-knot nematode. The production of leucinotoxins, chitinases, proteases, and acetic acid by P. lilacinum is associated with the infection process (Yang et al 2015b). Although P. lilacinum has been reported as a nematode biocontrol agent on plant crops (Usman andSiddiqui 2012 andYang et al 2015b), and recently, it also has been reported as a biocontrol agent for controlling Sclerotinia sclerotiorum the rot on oilseed rape (Yang et al 2015a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose-response relations between Purpureocillium lilacinum PLSAU-1 and Meloidogyne incognita infecting brinjal plant on plant growth and nematode management: a greenhouse study

Sarven

Aminuzzaman

Huq

2019

Egypt J Biol Pest Control

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The efficacy of various doses of Purpureocillium lilacinum PLSAU-1 (P. lilacinum PLSAU-1) was evaluated against brinjal root-knot pathogen, Meloidogyne incognita (M. incognita) at different inoculum levels. Experimental pot soil was treated by four doses (0, 1 × 10 5 , 5 × 10 5 , and 1 × 10 6 CFU/g soil) of P. lilacinum PLSAU-1 before transplanting, and 5 inoculum levels of M. incognita (0, 100, 400, 800, 1600, and 3200 eggs per 100 cm 3 soil) were used after 3 days of brinjal transplantation. A significant correlation was observed between doses of P. lilacinum PLSAU-1 and inoculum densities of M. incognita. Among the doses, the rate of P. lilacinum PLSAU-1 of 1 × 10 6 CFU/g soil enhanced highly plant growth parameters. Inoculation of M. incognita reduced plant growth significantly, and the reduction increased with the increase of inoculum density of M. incognita. The application of P. lilacinum PLSAU-1 at 1 × 10 6 CFU/g soil reduced a maximum of 72% gall index and 84% egg masses when the crop was challenged by 800 and 400 eggs/100 cm 3 soil, respectively. The dose of 1 × 10 6 CFU/g soil of P. lilacinum PLSAU-1 showed effectiveness to reduce reproduction factor of M. incognita up to 81% when the crop was inoculated by 800 eggs of the pest/100 cm 3 soil. The study demonstrated that P. lilacinum PLSAU-1 is an effective bio-agent for controlling of root-knot nematode on brinjal and can be a key component of environment-friendly management approach.

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“…In this study, we tested the hypothesis that small PLD‐likes produced by oomycetes act as virulence factors. Incentives for this study were the findings that PLDs and secreted PLDs have been implicated as major virulence determinants in bacteria and fungi (Dolan et al ., ; Hube et al ., ; Jacobs et al ., ; Lajoie and Cordes, ; Lery et al ., ; McKean et al ., ; Sitaraman et al ., ; Yang et al ., ), and the fact that oomycetes have an extended repertoire of PLDs, including subfamilies with novel oomycete‐specific PLDs and potentially secreted PLDs (Meijer and Govers, ; Meijer et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, in Klebsiella pneumoniae , a PLD acts as a virulence factor, presumably by controlling the bacterial membrane lipid composition (Lery et al ., ). In fungi, PLD involvement in pathogenicity has been demonstrated in Candida albicans , Purpureocillium lilacinum and Coccidioides posadasii (Dolan et al ., ; Hube et al ., ; Lajoie and Cordes, ; Yang et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Phytophthora infestans small phospholipase D‐like proteins elicit plant cell death and promote virulence

Meijer

Schoina

Wang

et al. 2018

Molecular Plant Pathology

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The successful invasion of host tissue by (hemi-)biotrophic plant pathogens is dependent on modifications of the host plasma membrane to facilitate the two-way transfer of proteins and other compounds. Haustorium formation and the establishment of extrahaustorial membranes are probably dependent on a variety of enzymes that modify membranes in a coordinated fashion. Phospholipases, enzymes that hydrolyse phospholipids, have been implicated as virulence factors in several pathogens. The oomycete Phytophthora infestans is a hemibiotrophic pathogen that causes potato late blight. It possesses different classes of phospholipase D (PLD) proteins, including small PLD-like proteins with and without signal peptide (sPLD-likes and PLD-likes, respectively). Here, we studied the role of sPLD-like-1, sPLD-like-12 and PLD-like-1 in the infection process. They are expressed in expanding lesions on potato leaves and during in vitro growth, with the highest transcript levels in germinating cysts. When expressed in planta in the presence of the silencing suppressor P19, all three elicited a local cell death response that was visible at the microscopic level as autofluorescence and strongly boosted in the presence of calcium. Moreover, inoculation of leaves expressing the small PLD-like genes resulted in increased lesion growth and greater numbers of sporangia, but this was abolished when mutated PLD-like genes were expressed with non-functional PLD catalytic motifs. These results show that the three small PLD-likes are catalytically active and suggest that their enzymatic activity is required for the promotion of virulence, possibly by executing membrane modifications to support the growth of P. infestans in the host.

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The role of a phospholipase (PLD) in virulence of Purpureocillium lilacinum (Paecilomyces lilacinum)

Cited by 36 publications

References 42 publications

The pathogenicity ofAspergillus fumigatus, drug resistance, and nanoparticle delivery

The pathogenicity ofAspergillus fumigatus, drug resistance, and nanoparticle delivery

Dose-response relations between Purpureocillium lilacinum PLSAU-1 and Meloidogyne incognita infecting brinjal plant on plant growth and nematode management: a greenhouse study

Phytophthora infestans small phospholipase D‐like proteins elicit plant cell death and promote virulence

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