The role of accessibility in a universal web

Henry, Shawn Lawton; Abou-Zahra, Shadi; Brewer, Judy

doi:10.1145/2596695.2596719

Cited by 95 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The evaluation elements for this study are icons, words, and acronyms that shall be understandable (defined by OEM). Accessibility Refers to the degree to which information is easily accessible, having in focus people who experience various types of disabilities (Henry et al, 2014). In our study, evaluating the accessibility, we focus on how users perceive the level of functionality.…”

Section: Perceived Driver Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

Big Data Analysis as a New Approach for Usability Attributes Evaluation of User Interfaces: An Automotive Industry Context

Orlovska¹,

Wickman²,

Söderberg³

2018

Proceedings of the DESIGN 2018 15th International Design Conference

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The growth of digital technologies dramatically increased the complexity of user interfaces in modern cars that made the usability evaluation an arduous task. Current usability evaluation methods cannot provide sufficient information about a user and system performance for such a complex and dynamic environment as automotive user interfaces. In this paper, we investigate how and to what extent the big data analysis can contribute to the usability attributes evaluation. We present the case study design for usability evaluation of Driver Support system, validated by the industry professionals.

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Section: Perceived Driver Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

Big Data Analysis as a New Approach for Usability Attributes Evaluation of User Interfaces: An Automotive Industry Context

Orlovska¹,

Wickman²,

Söderberg³

2018

Proceedings of the DESIGN 2018 15th International Design Conference

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“…The findings point to the need for web developers not only to evaluate the accessibility of their websites using automatic tools, but also to involve PWDs during the entire implementation. User involvement ensures that a more user-centered design is developed with less barriers and greater usability (Albalushi et al, 2016;Bertot et al, 2008;Henry et al, 2014).…”

Section: Models 3%mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lack of equal access has resulted in several umbrella terms of exclusion: info-exclusion, digital exclusion, and social exclusion (Joi, 2004;Muddiman, 2000;Watling, 2011). For E-government to be accessible, E-government web-based applications should be easy to interact with regardless of device (PC, webTV, mobile devices) and be compatible with the assistive technologies, which persons with disabilities (PWDs) may employ (Henry, Abou-zahra, & Brewer, 2014;Shi, 2007;West, 2008). It is particularly crucial for PWDs, who tend to be marginalized from the population mainstream, to be integrated into the digital society where they can enjoy equal access to online opportunities, thereby creating independence, feelings of belonging, self-esteem, and even self-actualization (Cumbie & Kar, 2014;Rubaii-Barrett & Wise, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If accessibility is not addressed in the era of E-government, PWDs risk being excluded and, in effect, governments will continue replicating the exclusions of previous eras (Jaeger, 2006). However, accessing online content comes with additional cost burdens for most PWDs (who may have visual, hearing, cognitive and/ or mobility impairment) who require different forms of assistive technologies and devices to enhance their functional capabilities (Boussarhan & Daoudi, 2014;Henry et al, 2014;Jacko & Vitense, 2001). Assistive technologies and devices such as tactile interfaces for visually impaired screen readers in computers (e.g., JAWS, NVDA), braille displays, speech synthesizers, tactile screens, magnification software, embossers, screen readers for mobile phones (e.g., TALKs, Mobile Speak), and character recognition scanners (Boussarhan & Daoudi, 2014;Jacko & Vitense, 2001) refer to any software or hardware that helps to increase, maintain, and improve functional capabilities for PWDs (Pal et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Research Foci, Methodologies, and Theories Used in Addressing E-Government Accessibility for Persons with Disabilities in Developing Countries

Agangiba

Kabanda

2017

IJIKM

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Aim/Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the key research foci, methodologies, and theoretical perspectives adopted by researchers when studying E-government accessibility for persons with disabilities (PWDs), particularly in developing countries. The study aims to develop a conceptual framework for designing accessible E-government for PWDs in developing countries. Background: Studies on E-government accessibility for persons with disabilities in developing countries have been minimal. The few studies conducted until now have failed to integrate PWDs, a population already marginalized, into the digital society. Accessibility has been identified by researchers as a major hindrance to PWDs participating in E-government. It is imperative therefore to examine the manner in which researchers investigate and acquire knowledge about this phenomenon. Methodology : The study synthesizes literature from top IS journals following a systematic literature review approach. The data synthesis focuses on identifying key concepts relating to E-government accessibility for PWDs. Contribution: The study contributes to the field of E-government, with a focus on how E-government services can be made accessible to PWDs. The study calls on researchers to reflect on their epistemological and ontological paradigms when examining accessibility of E-government services in developing countries. Findings: The findings show that most researchers focus on the evaluation of E-government websites and predominantly adopt quantitative methods. The study also reveals that the use of technological determinism as a theoretical lens is high among researchers. Recommendations for Practitioners : The study recommends that E-government web developers and policy makers involve PWDs from design to evaluation in the development of E-government applications. Recommendation for Researchers: The study advocates the need to conduct studies on E-government accessibility by employing more qualitative and mixed approaches to gain in-depth and better understanding of the phenomenon. Impact on Society : This study creates greater awareness and points out inadequacies that society needs to address to make E-government more inclusive of and participatory for PWDs. Future Research: Further empirical work is required in order to refine the relevance and applicability of various constructs in EADM so as to arrive at a framework for addressing E-government accessibility for PWDs in developing countries.

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“…Accessibility is the ability for everyone, regardless of disability, social status, economic income or special needs among other classification, to admittance, use and benefit from everything within their health environment. Healthcare services are context specific to as many people as possible while taking to consideration the disease trends to the degree [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Universal health care coverage: healthcare financing and access to health care services in Kenya

Mwaambi¹

2017

Clin Case Rep Rev

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Statement of the problem: A regressive system implies that rising income is matched with a falling fraction of income being paid to the health-care system. The constant utilization of out of pocket fees to finance health care is a constant barrier to health care access resulting in the impoverishment of households. Therefore allotment in financial contributions towards health care is a key component of modern day approaches to health system assessments (Murray and Evans 2003). Kenya is a low-income country on the East Coast of Africa. In Kenya, changes to health-care financing systems are being implemented to provide equitable access to health care with the aim of attaining universal healthcare coverage. Health care in Kenya is financed from three main sources: Out of pocket expenditure (households), government expenditure and donors. Methodological and theory orientation:According to the Kakwani index-vertical measure of healthcare financing, Kenya seems regressive due to the high percentage of Out Of Pocket payments which is the most common method of accessing healthcare services (OOP). Currently, the total amount of the GDP allocated to the Ministry of health stands at 7% far from the commitment of 15% as part of the Bamako initiative. Recent health-care financing reforms have been characterized by a move away from OOP payments towards universal access to health care with financing through the National Health Insurance Fund. NHIF is Kenya's equivalent of a social health insurance fund where all employees in formal employment as well as volunteer members (in informal employment), make contributions to the fund (National Hospital Insurance Fund 2011) which has since increased its benefit package from inpatient services to include outpatient services. Conclusion & significance:The progress towards universal access to health care through NHIF has been met with significant challenges i.e perceived lack of good governance and lack of capacity among other reasons. Policy towards correcting this inequitable state of affairs needs to concentrate on the reduction of dependence of OOP payments and increasing the dependence on more progressive forms of health-care payments.

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The role of accessibility in a universal web

Cited by 95 publications

References 2 publications

Big Data Analysis as a New Approach for Usability Attributes Evaluation of User Interfaces: An Automotive Industry Context

Big Data Analysis as a New Approach for Usability Attributes Evaluation of User Interfaces: An Automotive Industry Context

Research Foci, Methodologies, and Theories Used in Addressing E-Government Accessibility for Persons with Disabilities in Developing Countries

Universal health care coverage: healthcare financing and access to health care services in Kenya

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