The Role of Acetaldehyde in the Actions of Alcohol (Update 2000)

Cj, Eriksson

doi:10.1097/00000374-200105051-00005

Cited by 138 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 269 publications

(180 reference statements)

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“…A substantial number of Asians (50-80 per cent), compared with Caucasians (3-12 per cent), exhibit flushing [39,40]. Acetaldehyde creates unpleasant adverse reactions by acting as a major deterrent to excessive alcohol drinking on the one hand, while giving the euphoric sensations that may reinforce alcohol drinking on the other [41]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of ADHIB and ALDH2gene polymorphisms with alcohol dependence: A pilot study from India

2009

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Functional polymorphism in the genes encoding alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) 1B and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) 2 are considered most important among several genetic determinants of alcohol dependence, a complex disorder. There is no report on the widely studied Arg47His and Glu487Lys polymorphisms from Indian alcoholdependent populations. In this paper, we report, for the first time, allelic and genotypic frequencies of Arg47His and Glu487Lys single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in North Indian alcohol-dependent subjects. A total of 174 alcohol-dependent males, recruited using DSM IV criteria (American Psychiatric Association, 1994), were genotyped using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. The results obtained from genetic analysis were correlated with clinical parameters using Student's t-test or Mann Whitney's U test. The highlight of the study findings was the uniquely high frequency of the ALDH2*2/*2 genotype (among alcohol-dependent subjects) being a risk-conferring factor for alcohol dependence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of ADHIB and ALDH2gene polymorphisms with alcohol dependence: A pilot study from India

2009

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“…This may be co-morbid with viral infection (Chen et al, 1991;Shen et al, 1996), nutritional deficiencies (French, 1993;Lieber, 2001), or related to formation of free radicals (Bautista & Spitzer, 1992). Moreover, acetaldehyde, the major metabolite of alcohol, is thought to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of alcohol liver disease (Eriksson, 2001). It has recently been suspected that alcohol dehydrogenase may be a susceptibility gene to both alcoholism and alcohol-related organ damage including liver disease (Yin & Agarwal, 2001).…”

Section: Organ Damage and Alcohol-metabolizing Enzyme Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol abuse and related factors in Asia

Chen

Yin

2008

International Review of Psychiatry

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Alcohol problems are a global issue, and the nature of alcohol abuse is very complicated. The susceptibility to alcohol abuse varies greatly from one individual to another and also from one nation to another, depending on the availability of alcohol, a country's regulation related to alcohol, a country's cultural background, religious tradition and its economics. Alcohol dependence is also a complicated disease process. The prevalence of alcohol dependence also varies greatly from one ethnic group to another. Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent. The natural disasters, religious conflicts as well as political disputes cause people lack of opportunity in many countries. People in this region do not consume more alcohol than the people in the rest of the world. The prevalence of alcohol dependence is not as high as is seen in other regions. In Asia, not only socio-economic factors, but also biological factors influence drinking behaviour. Findings of functional genetic polymorphism of the major alcohol metabolizing enzymes, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) have led to the suggestion that this enzyme system may possibly play a diverse but critical role in alcohol dependence and in the alcohol-related disease process in the different ethnic groups. This paper reviews alcohol problems and related factors. Their management and prevention strategy are discussed.

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“…Acetaldehyde, the major metabolite of alcohol, was thought to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of alcohol liver disease (Eriksson, 2001). However, it was recently reported that genotypes of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase are not associated with risk of mortality from liver diseases (Chen et al, 2004).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Status in Patients with Alcohol Dependence: A Clinical Study in Taiwan

Peng

Tang

Huang

et al. 2005

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A

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The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between alcohol dependence and oxidative status. The biochemical parameters and antioxidants status were measured among 28 patients with alcohol dependence. Nineteen healthy persons without drinking problem were recruited as the control subjects. The activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma glutamyltransferase (gamma-GT), and levels of cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), and uric acid were significantly increased in the specimen of patients compared with control. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels of the patients were found to be significantly increased compared with controls and decreased after abstinence. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities were, respectively, 86% and 37% lower in alcoholic patients. After 14 d of abstinence, SOD activity was significantly reduced by 85%, CAT by 52%, and GPX by 54%, whereas no change was found in activity of glutathione reductase (GR). The duration of alcohol dependence is significantly correlated with the levels of MDA. In addition, the activity of CAT was significantly correlated with MDA levels. The results of this study suggest that oxidative stress occurred during alcohol dependence and subsequently affected the antioxidants mechanisms.

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The Role of Acetaldehyde in the Actions of Alcohol (Update 2000)

Cited by 138 publications

References 269 publications

Association of ADHIB and ALDH2gene polymorphisms with alcohol dependence: A pilot study from India

Association of ADHIB and ALDH2gene polymorphisms with alcohol dependence: A pilot study from India

Alcohol abuse and related factors in Asia

Oxidative Status in Patients with Alcohol Dependence: A Clinical Study in Taiwan

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