The Role of Acupuncture in Canine Rehabilitation

Pressure algometry measurement of canine muscular pain near the thoracolumbar junction: evaluation of a modified technique

“…Many textbook chapters have described and advocated the use of either acupuncture or manual therapy (McCauley & Glinski ; Sutton ; Geoff & Jull ; Souvlis ; Jurek ; Medina ), even though the underlying mechanism for these techniques has not been fully described. Manual therapy was initially thought to cause tissue changes, but these early mechanistic models are now being replaced with neurophysiologic ones that suggest central mediation of pain signals is the primary mechanism (Schmid et al.…”

“…). Acupuncture is thought to have both local and central effects, including activation of descending endogenous opioid pathways (Medina ).…”