The Role of Adipokines in Health and Disease

Clemente-Suárez, Vicente Javier; Redondo-Flórez, Laura; Beltrán-Velasco, Ana Isabel; Martín-Rodríguez, Alexandra; Martínez-Guardado, Ismael; Navarro-Jiménez, Eduardo; Laborde-Cárdenas, Carmen Cecilia; Tornero-Aguilera, José Francisco

doi:10.3390/biomedicines11051290

Cited by 113 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 319 publications

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“…WAT, the predominant form of AT in the body, is known for its role in energy storage (Rosen & Spiegelman, 2014;Villarroya et al, 2018). WAT secretes a variety of adipokines, including leptin, adiponectin, resistin, omentin, adipsin, visfatin, retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) and inflammatory cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) and the chemokine CCL2 (Clemente-Suárez et al, 2023). On the other hand, BAT, which is primarily involved in energy expenditure and thermogenesis, has a unique secretory profile compared with WAT.…”

Section: Heterogeneity Of Adipocyte Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, BAT, which is primarily involved in energy expenditure and thermogenesis, has a unique secretory profile compared with WAT. Some molecules, such as bone morphogenetic protein 8b (BMP8b), fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), irisin, neuregulin 4 (NRG4), nesfatin-1, meteorin-like protein, chemerin, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10, have been identified as batokines (Clemente-Suárez et al, 2023). The first one, BMP8b, participates in the regulation of brown adipocyte differentiation and thermogenesis, stimulating the expression of UCP-1 and other thermogenic genes.…”

Section: Heterogeneity Of Adipocyte Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under diverse metabolic states, the AT experiences a significant alteration in the secretion profile of many bioactive factors or adipokines (Figure 2) (Bluher, 2019;Choe et al, 2016;de Oliveira Leal & Mafra, 2013). In general, the adipose cells can produce a huge variety of adipokines (comprising lipids, hormones and proteins) that target several systemic organs and regulate crucial homeostatic functions in the body, such as energy homeostasis, fat distribution, insulin sensitivity, immune response and blood pressure (Bluher & Mantzoros, 2015;Clemente-Suárez et al, 2023;Fasshauer & Bluher, 2015). Thus, several factors such as adipose hypertrophy, fat expansion, hypoxia level or immune cells phenotype, markedly influence the adipose cell biology and its secretion profile (Bluher & Mantzoros, 2015;Clemente-Suárez et al, 2023;Fasshauer & Bluher, 2015).…”

Section: Secretory Profile Of Adipose Tissue Under Obese Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, the adipose cells can produce a huge variety of adipokines (comprising lipids, hormones and proteins) that target several systemic organs and regulate crucial homeostatic functions in the body, such as energy homeostasis, fat distribution, insulin sensitivity, immune response and blood pressure (Bluher & Mantzoros, 2015;Clemente-Suárez et al, 2023;Fasshauer & Bluher, 2015). Thus, several factors such as adipose hypertrophy, fat expansion, hypoxia level or immune cells phenotype, markedly influence the adipose cell biology and its secretion profile (Bluher & Mantzoros, 2015;Clemente-Suárez et al, 2023;Fasshauer & Bluher, 2015). Here, we summarize how the AT modifies the expression of some of the most well-known adipokines under different metabolic states, although a more profound description has been recently published (Bluher & Mantzoros, 2015;Clemente-Suárez et al, 2023;Fasshauer & Bluher, 2015).…”

Section: Secretory Profile Of Adipose Tissue Under Obese Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, several factors such as adipose hypertrophy, fat expansion, hypoxia level or immune cells phenotype, markedly influence the adipose cell biology and its secretion profile (Bluher & Mantzoros, 2015;Clemente-Suárez et al, 2023;Fasshauer & Bluher, 2015). Here, we summarize how the AT modifies the expression of some of the most well-known adipokines under different metabolic states, although a more profound description has been recently published (Bluher & Mantzoros, 2015;Clemente-Suárez et al, 2023;Fasshauer & Bluher, 2015).…”

Section: Secretory Profile Of Adipose Tissue Under Obese Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adipose tissue as a therapeutic target for vascular damage in Alzheimer's disease

Bettinetti‐Luque,

Trujillo‐Estrada,

Garcia‐Fuentes

et al. 2023

British J Pharmacology

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The adipose tissue (AT) has recently been recognized as an important endocrine organ that plays a crucial role in energy metabolism and in the immune response in multiple metabolic tissues. With this regard, emerging evidence indicates that an important crosstalk exists between the AT and the brain. However, the AT contribution in the development of age‐related diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), remains poorly defined. New studies suggest that the AT modulates brain function through multiple bioactive factors known as adipokines, which can cross the blood brain barrier (BBB) to reach the brain target‐areas or even regulate the BBB function. In this review, we discuss the effect of multiple adipokines in the BBB physiology, their contribution to the development of AD and their therapeutic potential.

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Section: Heterogeneity Of Adipocyte Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Heterogeneity Of Adipocyte Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Secretory Profile Of Adipose Tissue Under Obese Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Secretory Profile Of Adipose Tissue Under Obese Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Secretory Profile Of Adipose Tissue Under Obese Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Adipose tissue as a therapeutic target for vascular damage in Alzheimer's disease

Bettinetti‐Luque,

Trujillo‐Estrada,

Garcia‐Fuentes

et al. 2023

British J Pharmacology

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Establishing Immortalized Brown and White Preadipocyte Cell Lines from Young and Aged Mice

Wu,

Elsaid,

Levet

et al. 2024

Current Protocols

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Studying adipogenesis and adipocyte biology requires the isolation of primary preadipocytes from adipose tissues. However, primary preadipocytes have a limited lifespan, can only undergo a finite number of divisions, and often lose their original biological characteristics before becoming senescent. The repeated isolation of fresh preadipocytes, particularly from young pups or aged animals, is costly and time consuming. Immortalization of these cells offers a solution by overcoming cellular senescence and maintaining proliferative capacity, allowing for long‐term studies without the continuous need to isolate new cells from animals. Immortalized cell lines thus provide a consistent and reproducible experimental model, significantly reducing variability across different animals. However, successfully establishing immortalized preadipocyte cell lines presents challenges, including selecting appropriate adipose tissue depots, isolating primary preadipocytes, and choosing an effective immortalization strategy. In this article, we present optimized protocols and share first‐hand experiences establishing immortalized brown and white preadipocyte cell lines from young and aging mice. These protocols offer a valuable resource for researchers studying adipogenesis and metabolism. © 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Support Protocol 1: Retrovirus productionBasic Protocol 1: Isolation and culture of primary brown and white preadipocytes from mouse interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) and subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT) in the same regionBasic Protocol 2: Immortalization of mouse brown and white preadipocytesBasic Protocol 3: Selection of immortalized preadipocytesBasic Protocol 4: Selection of single‐cell clones of immortalized mouse preadipocytesBasic Protocol 5: Single‐cell sorting in a 96‐well plate using a flow cytometer for the selection of single‐cell clones of immortalized preadipocytesSupport Protocol 2: Cryopreservation of immortalized mouse preadipocytesSupport Protocol 3: Thawing and culture of cryopreserved immortalized mouse preadipocytesSupport Protocol 4: Subculture and expansion of immortalized mouse preadipocytesBasic Protocol 6: Differentiation of immortalized mouse brown and white preadipocytesSupport Protocol 5: Identification of differentiated white and brown adipocytes

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Effects of atypical antipsychotics on serum asprosin level and other metabolic parameters in patients with schizophrenia

Amini,

Motallebi,

Bakhtiari

et al. 2024

Human Psychopharmacology

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BackgroundIn this cross‐sectional study, we compared fasting serum asprosin levels and metabolic parameters between patients receiving one of three atypical antipsychotics (olanzapine, risperidone, or aripiprazole) and healthy subjects.MethodsThe study population included 62 adult outpatients with schizophrenia and 22 healthy controls, matched for age and gender. Patients were in remission and had been on stable monotherapy with one of these atypical antipsychotics for over 6 months. Body Mass Index (BMI) and fasting serum levels of asprosin, glucose, HA1c, insulin, and lipid profile were compared across the investigated groups. Additionally, the number of participants meeting the insulin resistance criterion, defined as homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) >2.5, as well as the number of participants with elevated BMI levels (men >27 kg/m2, women >25 kg/m2) were compared among the groups.ResultsWe observed statistically significant differences in BMI and fasting serum levels of glucose, HA1c, insulin, triglyceride (TG), high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, and asprosin among patients receiving olanzapine or risperidone, as compared to those receiving aripiprazole and healthy subjects. Patients on aripiprazole exhibited values comparable to healthy subjects, whereas those on risperidone or olanzapine showed significantly higher values, with the highest observed in the olanzapine group. Additionally, the prevalence of participants meeting the insulin resistance criterion and those with elevated BMI was also greater in individuals receiving olanzapine or risperidone compared to those on aripiprazole and healthy subjects. Serum asprosin levels showed a significant positive correlation with BMI and several metabolic parameters, including HbA1c, fasting insulin, HOMA‐IR, and TG. No significant differences were observed among the investigated groups in terms of serum levels of total cholesterol and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol.ConclusionsOur cross‐sectional study highlights the association between elevated asprosin levels, weight gain, and metabolic disorders in patients treated with olanzapine and risperidone. Given the bidirectional nature of the relationship between serum asprosin levels and these metabolic disturbances, further research is warranted to elucidate potential causative pathways.

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The Role of Adipokines in Health and Disease

Cited by 113 publications

References 319 publications

Adipose tissue as a therapeutic target for vascular damage in Alzheimer's disease

Adipose tissue as a therapeutic target for vascular damage in Alzheimer's disease

Establishing Immortalized Brown and White Preadipocyte Cell Lines from Young and Aged Mice

Effects of atypical antipsychotics on serum asprosin level and other metabolic parameters in patients with schizophrenia

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