The Role of Angiotensin in Obesity and Metabolic Disease

Mathai, Michael L.; Chen, Nora; Cornall, Lauren M; Weisinger, R. S.

doi:10.2174/187153011796429853

Cited by 14 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…However, it is still unclear whether there are complex interactions between genetic predisposition and environmental factors in the development of obesity. BMI has been considered as the key indicator in the identification of overweight and obesity, and increasing evidence of body fat composition, especially abdominal adipose tissue and ectopic fat deposition, was set [5, 22]. So, we explored the relationship between ACE gene I/D polymorphism and obesity based on BMI multiclassification.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ACE Gene I/D Polymorphism and Obesity in 1,574 Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

et al. 2016

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Association between ACE gene I/D polymorphism and the risk of overweight/obesity remains controversial. We investigated the possible relationship between ACE gene I/D polymorphism and obesity in Chinese type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. In this study, obesity was defined as a body mass index (BMI) value ≥ 25 kg/m2 and subjects were classified into 4 groups (lean, normal, overweight, and obese). PCR (polymerase chain reaction) was used to detect the ACE gene I/D polymorphism in T2DM patients. Metabolic measurements including blood glucose, lipid profile, and blood pressure were obtained. Frequencies of the ACE genotypes (DD, ID, and II) were not significant among the 4 groups of BMI-defined patients (P = 0.679) while ACE II carriers showed higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) and pulse pressure (PP) (all P < 0.050). Hyperglycemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemia in these T2DM patients were found to be significantly associated with BMI. In conclusion, the relationship of ACE gene I/D polymorphism with obesity is insignificant in Chinese patients with T2DM. SBP and PP might be higher in the ACE II carriers than in the DD and ID carriers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ACE Gene I/D Polymorphism and Obesity in 1,574 Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

et al. 2016

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“…In addition to its importance for blood pressure control, the RAS is suspected to contribute to the regulation of resting metabolic rate, glucose homeostasis, and other key metabolic parameters [50]. Adipose mass positively correlates with RAS activity, and RAS gene expression correlates with the severity of obesity in both humans and animal models [22, 28, 47].…”

Section: Why the Renin-angiotensin System?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Endogenous Ang II enhances evoked release of norepinephrine from nerves innervating BAT [12], and chronic exogenous Ang II alters BAT sympathetic nerve kinetics to increase norepinephrine release [20], and these effects are mediated through the AT1 receptor. The effects of AT1 versus AT2 receptor stimulation on adipocytes is extremely dynamic, with effects differing based upon the setting ( in vitro vs. ex vivo vs. in vivo ), the developmental phase (preadipocytes vs. adipocytes), and the relative expression of various RAS receptors (AT1 and AT2, at least, are strongly regulated in adipocytes by various hormones and stimuli) (reviewed in [21, 29, 50, 72, 84]). Thus it is reasonable to conclude that adipocytes in vivo are sensitive to Ang II through both AT1 and AT2 receptors, but our understanding of the exact function(s) of each is currently rather muddled.…”

Section: Why the Renin-angiotensin System?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic rate regulation by the renin–angiotensin system: brain vs. body

Grobe

Rahmouni

Liu

2012

Pflugers Arch - Eur J Physiol

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Substantial evidence supports a role for the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in the regulation of metabolic function, but an apparent paradox exists where genetic or pharmacological inhibition of the RAS occasionally have similar physiological effects as chronic angiotensin infusion. Similarly, while RAS targeting in animal models has robust metabolic consequences, effects in humans are more subtle. Here we review the data supporting a role for the RAS in metabolic rate regulation and propose a model where the local brain RAS works in opposition to the peripheral RAS, thus helping to explain the paradoxically similar effects of RAS supplementation and inhibition. Selectively modulating the peripheral RAS or brain RAS may thus provide a more effective treatment paradigm for obesity and obesity-related disorders.

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“…The biological active component of RAS, ANG II, activates AT1 and AT2 receptors in various tissues, such as brain, heart, pancreas, kidney and adipose tissue to numerous important homeostatic systems of the body. The circulating ANG II is further cleaved into biologically active peptides ANG III and ANG IV by amino-peptidases (Ferrario et al, 2005, Mathai et al, 2011. can also be indirectly formed from ANG I by the catalytic actions of the neutral Endopeptidases (NEPs) (Donoghue et al, 2000, Ferrario et al, 2005.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Potential Marine-derived Hypotensive and Anti-obesity Peptides

Manikkam

Vasiljevic

Donkor

et al. 2015

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition

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Bioactive peptides are food derived components, usually consisting of 3-20 amino acids, which are inactive when incorporated within their parent protein. Once liberated by enzymatic or chemical hydrolysis, during food processing and gastrointestinal transit, they can potentially provide an array of health benefits to the human body. Owing to an unprecedented increase in the worldwide incidence of obesity and hypertension, medical researchers are focusing on the hypotensive and anti-obesity properties of nutritionally derived bioactive peptides. The role of the renin-angiotensin system has long been established in the aetiology of metabolic diseases and hypertension. Targeting the renin-angiotensin system by inhibiting the activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and preventing the formation of angiotensin II can be a potential therapeutic approach to the treatment of hypertension and obesity. Fish-derived proteins and peptides can potentially be excellent sources of bioactive components, mainly as a source of ACE inhibitors. However, increased use of marine sources, poses an unsustainable burden on particular fish stocks, so, the underutilized fish species and by-products can be exploited for this purpose. This paper provides an overview of the techniques involved in the production, isolation, purification, and characterization of bioactive peptides from marine sources, as well as the evaluation of the ACE inhibitory (ACE-I) activity and bioavailability.

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The Role of Angiotensin in Obesity and Metabolic Disease

Cited by 14 publications

References 68 publications

ACE Gene I/D Polymorphism and Obesity in 1,574 Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

ACE Gene I/D Polymorphism and Obesity in 1,574 Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Metabolic rate regulation by the renin–angiotensin system: brain vs. body

A Review of Potential Marine-derived Hypotensive and Anti-obesity Peptides

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