The role of artesunate for the treatment of urinary schistosomiasis in schoolchildren: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Wikman-Jorgensen, Philip; Henríquez-Camacho, César Augusto; Serrano‐Villar, Sergio; Pérez‐Molina, José A.

doi:10.1179/2047773212y.0000000038

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…the boys were the most affected, this predominance is related to the lower education of girls, especially in the Daaras. In some areas, the prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis among school-aged children can reach 80% [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of the Heart of School-Age Children in a Schistosomiasis Endemic Area in Senegal

Sarr¹,

Camara²,

Hicham³

et al. 2018

WJCD

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Introduction: In Senegal, surveys have revealed areas of high endemicity of Schistosomiasis including the town of Richard Toll. We undertook this study to determine the echocardiocardiographic characteristics of school-age children in endemic bilharziasis. Methodology: We performed a descriptive cross-sectional study in Richard Toll and Dakar in school-age children. Results: A total of 250 children were included. There was male predominance, age between 4 and 16 (10 years old ± 2.77). Hematuria was reported in 69.6% of cases in endemic areas. Positive testing for Schistoma haematobium was found exclusively in Richard-Toll at 33.5%. The diastolic, systolic, basal and median left ventricle dimensions were larger in Richard Toll's population compared to Dakar. It was the same for the right chambers dimensions. The average pulmonary systolic arterial pressure was greater in Richard-Toll: 26.38 ± 3.16 mmHg versus 21.82 ± 1.73 mmHg in Dakar (p < 0.001). There was a correletion between pulmonary systolic artérial pressure and presence of hematuria, anemia and parasitological positivity. Conclusion: The heart of the school-aged child in endemic area is characterized by larger cavitary dimensions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of the Heart of School-Age Children in a Schistosomiasis Endemic Area in Senegal

Sarr¹,

Camara²,

Hicham³

et al. 2018

WJCD

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“…For example, a recent meta-analysis determined that artesunate has a low CR against chronic S . haematobium infection (25%) [ 34 , 36 ]. This finding is not surprising since artemisinin derivatives mainly act on juvenile schistomes [ 8 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and Safety of Moxidectin, Synriam, Synriam-Praziquantel versus Praziquantel against Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoni Infections: A Randomized, Exploratory Phase 2 Trial

et al. 2016

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BackgroundSchistosomiasis affects millions of people, yet treatment options are limited. The antimalarial Synriam (piperaquine 150 mg/arterolane 750 mg) and the anthelminthic moxidectin revealed promising antischistosomal properties in preclinical or clinical studies.MethodologyWe conducted two single-blind, randomized exploratory Phase 2 trials in Schistosoma mansoni and S. haematobium-infected adolescents in northern and central Côte d’Ivoire. Our primary endpoints were cure rates (CRs) and egg reduction rates (ERRs) based on geometric mean and safety. Each subject was asked to provide two stool samples (S. mansoni trial) for Kato-Katz analysis or three urine samples (S. haematobium trial) for urine filtration and one finger prick for malaria screening at baseline and follow-up. Participants were randomly assigned to either moxidectin, Synriam, Synriam plus praziquantel or praziquantel.Principal Findings128 adolescents (age: 12–17 years) were included in each study. Against S. haematobium moxidectin and Synriam revealed low efficacy. On the other hand, Synriam plus praziquantel and praziquantel yielded CRs of 60.0% and 38.5% and ERRs of 96.0% and 93.5%, respectively. CRs observed in the treatment of S. mansoni were 13.0%, 6.7%, 27.0%, and 27.6% for moxidectin, Synriam, Synriam plus praziquantel and praziquantel, respectively. ERRs ranged from 64.9% (Synriam) to 87.5% (praziquantel).Conclusion/SignificanceSynriam and moxidectin show low efficacy against S. haematobium, hence an ancillary benefit is not expected when these drugs are used for treating onchocerciasis and malaria in co-endemic settings. Further studies are needed to corroborate our findings that moxidectin and Synriam show moderate ERRs against S. mansoni.

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“…Schistosomiasis is among the most important water-borne diseases and it is globally the second most important parasitic infection after malaria in tropical and subtropical areas of Africa [ 1 , 2 ]. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), it is a disease that affects 230 million people worldwide, of which 90% of cases live in Africa [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of antimalarial drug combinations in treating concomitant urogenital schistosomiasis in malaria patients in Lambaréné, Gabon: A non-randomised event-monitoring study

Zoleko-Manego

Okwu²,

Handrich³

et al. 2022

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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Background Urogenital schistosomiasis is prevalent in many malaria endemic regions of sub-Saharan Africa and can lead to long-term health consequences if untreated. Antimalarial drugs used to treat uncomplicated malaria have shown to exert some activity against Schistosoma haematobium. Here, we explore the efficacy on concomitant urogenital schistosomiasis of first-line recommended artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) and investigational second-generation ACTs when administered for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria in Gabon. Methods Microscopic determination of urogenital schistosomiasis was performed from urine samples collected from patients with confirmed uncomplicated malaria. Egg excretion reduction rate and cure rate were determined at 4-weeks and 6-weeks post-treatment with either artesunate-pyronaridine, artemether-lumefantrine, artesunate-amodiaquine or artefenomel-ferroquine. Results Fifty-two (16%) out of 322 malaria patients were co-infected with urogenital schistosomiasis and were treated with antimalarial drug combinations. Schistosoma haematobium egg excretion rates showed a median reduction of 100% (interquartile range (IQR), 17% to 100%) and 65% (IQR, -133% to 100%) at 4-weeks and 6-weeks post-treatment, respectively, in the artesunate-pyronaridine group (n = 20) compared to 35% (IQR, −250% to 70%) and 65% (IQR, -65% to 79%) in the artemether-lumefantrine group (n = 18). Artesunate-amodiaquine (n = 2) and artefenomel-ferroquine combination (n = 3) were not able to reduce the rate of eggs excreted in this limited number of patients. In addition, cure rates were 56% and 37% at 4- and 6-weeks post-treatment, respectively, with artesunate-pyronaridine and no cases of cure were observed for the other antimalarial combinations. Conclusions Antimalarial treatments with artesunate-pyronaridine and artemether-lumefantrine reduced the excretion of S. haematobium eggs, comforting the hypothesis that antimalarial drugs could play a role in the control of schistosomiasis. Trial Registration This trial is registered with clinicaltrials.gov, under the Identifier NCT04264130.

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The role of artesunate for the treatment of urinary schistosomiasis in schoolchildren: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 8 publications

References 42 publications

Characteristics of the Heart of School-Age Children in a Schistosomiasis Endemic Area in Senegal

Characteristics of the Heart of School-Age Children in a Schistosomiasis Endemic Area in Senegal

Efficacy and Safety of Moxidectin, Synriam, Synriam-Praziquantel versus Praziquantel against Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoni Infections: A Randomized, Exploratory Phase 2 Trial

Effectiveness of antimalarial drug combinations in treating concomitant urogenital schistosomiasis in malaria patients in Lambaréné, Gabon: A non-randomised event-monitoring study

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