The role of bacterial DNA containing CpG motifs in diseases

Zhou, Jie; Deng, Guo-Min

doi:10.1002/jlb.3mr1220-748rrrrr

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 107 publications

(188 reference statements)

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“…In addition, the retention of bacterial DNA in the formulated proteoliposomes also favors lymphocyte activation through the specific nucleotide binding to Toll-like receptor (TLR) 9 in APCs. Demethylated CpG DNA induces the expression and secretion of IL-6, TNF-α and IL-12, promoting the immune response [ 59 , 60 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Proteoliposome-Based Vaccine against E. coli: A Potential New Tool for the Control of Bovine Mastitis

Quiroga

Vidal

Siel

et al. 2022

Animals

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Escherichia coli is an important causative agent of clinical mastitis in cattle. Current available vaccines have shown limited protection. We evaluated the efficacy of a novel vaccine based on bacterial proteoliposomes derived from an E. coli field strain. Female BALB/c mice were immunized subcutaneously with two doses of the vaccine, 3 weeks apart. Between days 5 and 8 after the first inoculation, the females were mated. At 5–8 days postpartum, the mice were intramammary challenged with the same E. coli strain. Two days after bacterial infection, mice were euthanized, and the mammary glands were examined and removed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the vaccine as well as the immune response generated by the new formulation. The vaccinated mice showed mild clinical symptoms and a lower mammary bacterial load as compared to non-vaccinated animals. The vaccination induced an increase in levels of IgG, IgG1 and IgG2a against E. coli in blood and mammary glands that showed less inflammatory infiltration and tissue damage, as compared to the control group. In summary, the vaccine based on bacterial proteoliposomes is safe, immunogenic, and effective against E. coli, constituting a new potential tool for mastitis control.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Proteoliposome-Based Vaccine against E. coli: A Potential New Tool for the Control of Bovine Mastitis

Quiroga

Vidal

Siel

et al. 2022

Animals

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show abstract

“…Moreover, our former findings reported that the sustained upregulation of IFN-γ was advantageous to bacterial clearance [ 11 , 23 ]. Furthermore, in animals, IL-12 can activate the natural killer cells to produce IFN-γ, while in return, IFN-γ can activate macrophages to produce IL-12, so a self-amplifying loop is formed [ 58 , 59 ]. The higher expression of IL-12 in this study indicated that LACpG10-HL could boost the loop to induce Th1 immune responses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LACpG10-HL Functions Effectively in Antibiotic-Free and Healthy Husbandry by Improving the Innate Immunity

Pan

Zhao

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Antibiotics are broadly restricted in modern husbandry farming, necessitating the need for efficient and low-cost immunomodulatory preparations in antibiotic-free and healthful farming. As is known to all, CpG oligonucleotides (CpG-ODNs, an effective innate immunostimulatory agent) recognized by TLR9 in mammals (while TLR21 in avians) could collaborate with some united agent to induce stronger immune responses, but the cost is prohibitively expensive for farmers. Here, considering the coordination between TLR2 and TLR9/TLR21, we firstly proposed the idea that the well-fermented Lactococcus lactis could be utilized as a CpG-plasmid carrier (LACpG10) to enhance the host's innate immunity against pathogenic invasion. In the present study, after obtaining LACpG10-HL from homogenized and lyophilized recombinant strain LACpG10, we treated primary chicken lymphocytes, two cell lines (HD11 and IPEC-J2), and chickens with LACpG10-HL, CpG plasmids (pNZ8148-CpG10), and other stimulants, and respectively confirmed the effects by conducting qRT-PCR, bacterial infection assays, and a zoological experiment. Our data showed that LACpG10-HL could induce excellent innate immunity by regulating autophagy reactions, cytokine expression, and motivating PRRs. Interestingly, despite having no direct antiseptic effect, LACpG10-HL improved the antibacterial capacities of lymphocytes and enterocytes at the first line of defense. Most importantly, water-supplied LACpG10-HL treatment reduced the average adverse event rates, demonstrating that LACpG10-HL maintained its excellent immunostimulatory and protective properties under farming conditions. Our research not only contributes to revealing the satisfactory effects of LACpG10-HL but also sheds new light on a cost-effective solution with optimal immune effects in green, antibiotic-free, and healthful husbandry farming.

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“…CpG DNA is a type of DNA sequence with immune activation function containing unmethylated CpG motif, including artificially synthesized oligodeoxynucleotides containing CpG (CpG ODN) and genomic DNA of bacteria, viruses, and invertebrates (Zhou and Deng, 2021). CpG DNA triggers immunostimulatory activity through TLR9 (Ohto et al, 2015).…”

Section: Cpg Dnamentioning

confidence: 99%

PAMPs and DAMPs as the Bridge Between Periodontitis and Atherosclerosis: The Potential Therapeutic Targets

Zhu

Huang

Zhao

2022

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Atherosclerosis is a chronic artery disease characterized by plaque formation and vascular inflammation, eventually leading to myocardial infarction and stroke. Innate immunity plays an irreplaceable role in the vascular inflammatory response triggered by chronic infection. Periodontitis is a common chronic disorder that involves oral microbe-related inflammatory bone loss and local destruction of the periodontal ligament and is a risk factor for atherosclerosis. Periodontal pathogens contain numerous pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) such as lipopolysaccharide, CpG DNA, and Peptidoglycan, that initiate the inflammatory response of the innate immunity depending on the recognition of pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) of host cells. The immune-inflammatory response and destruction of the periodontal tissue will produce a large number of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) such as neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), alarmins (S100 protein), and which can further affect the progression of atherosclerosis. Molecular patterns have recently become the therapeutic targets for inflammatory disease, including blocking the interaction between molecular patterns and PRRs and controlling the related signal transduction pathway. This review summarized the research progress of some representative PAMPs and DAMPs as the molecular pathological mechanism bridging periodontitis and atherosclerosis. We also discussed possible ways to prevent serious cardiovascular events in patients with periodontitis and atherosclerosis by targeting molecular patterns.

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The role of bacterial DNA containing CpG motifs in diseases

Cited by 17 publications

References 107 publications

Novel Proteoliposome-Based Vaccine against E. coli: A Potential New Tool for the Control of Bovine Mastitis

Novel Proteoliposome-Based Vaccine against E. coli: A Potential New Tool for the Control of Bovine Mastitis

LACpG10-HL Functions Effectively in Antibiotic-Free and Healthy Husbandry by Improving the Innate Immunity

PAMPs and DAMPs as the Bridge Between Periodontitis and Atherosclerosis: The Potential Therapeutic Targets

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