The role of beta-endorphin in horses: a review

Gołyński, Marcin; Krumrych, W.; Lutnicki, Krzysztof

doi:10.17221/3205-vetmed

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Within the region on ECA7 (39.8–40.8 Mb), apart from two pseudogenes and one uncharacterized protein coding gene, we found two genes (namely: NTM , coding for Neurotrimin and OPCML , coding for opioid binding protein) involved in central nervous system functioning [26]. The analysis of LD and haplotype structure at the analyzed locus showed the presence of two haplotype blocks with common haplotypes showing frequency above 0.7 in all analyzed breeds (S9 File).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A genome-wide scan for diversifying selection signatures in selected horse breeds

et al. 2019

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The genetic differentiation of the current horse population was evolutionarily created by natural or artificial selection which shaped the genomes of individual breeds in several unique ways. The availability of high throughput genotyping methods created the opportunity to study this genetic variation on a genome-wide level allowing detection of genome regions divergently selected between separate breeds as well as among different horse types sharing similar phenotypic features. In this study, we used the population differentiation index (FST) that is generally used for measuring locus-specific allele frequencies variation between populations, to detect selection signatures among six horse breeds maintained in Poland. These breeds can be classified into three major categories, including light, draft and primitive horses, selected mainly in terms of type (utility), exterior, performance, size, coat color and appearance. The analysis of the most pronounced selection signals found in this study allowed us to detect several genomic regions and genes connected with processes potentially important for breed phenotypic differentiation and associated with energy homeostasis during physical effort, heart functioning, fertility, disease resistance and motor coordination. Our results also confirmed previously described association of loci on ECA3 (spanning LCORL and NCAPG genes) and ECA11 (spanning LASP1 gene) with the regulation of body size in our draft and primitive (small size) horses. The efficiency of the applied FST-based approach was also confirmed by the identification of a robust selection signal in the blue dun colored Polish Konik horses at the locus of TBX3 gene, which was previously shown to be responsible for dun coat color dilution in other horse breeds. FST-based method showed to be efficient in detection of diversifying selection signatures in the analyzed horse breeds. Especially pronounced signals were observed at the loci responsible for fixed breed-specific features. Several candidate genes under selection were proposed in this study for traits selected in separate breeds and horse types, however, further functional and comparative studies are needed to confirm and explain their effect on the observed genetic diversity of the horse breeds.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A genome-wide scan for diversifying selection signatures in selected horse breeds

et al. 2019

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“…Under nonstress conditions, equine plasma β-EP concentrations were recorded as 5.71-22.4 pmol/l [150,151]. The daily rhythm of β-EP secretion is similar to that of ACTH and EC.…”

Section: The Roles Of β-Ep and Acthmentioning

confidence: 79%

Updates on Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology

2022

Veterinary Medicine and Science

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Veterinary Medicine and ScienceVolume 12Aims and Scope of the Series Paralleling similar advances in the medical field, astounding advances occurred in Veterinary Medicine and Science in recent decades. These advances have helped foster better support for animal health, more humane animal production, and a better understanding of the physiology of endangered species to improve the assisted reproductive technologies or the pathogenesis of certain diseases, where animals can be used as models for human diseases (like cancer, degenerative diseases or fertility), and even as a guarantee of public health. Bridging Human, Animal, and Environmental health, the holistic and integrative "One Health" concept intimately associates the developments within those fields, projecting its advancements into practice. This book series aims to tackle various animal-related medicine and sciences fields, providing thematic volumes consisting of high-quality significant research directed to researchers and postgraduates. It aims to give us a glimpse into the new accomplishments in the Veterinary Medicine and Science field. By addressing hot topics in veterinary sciences, we aim to gather authoritative texts within each issue of this series, providing in-depth overviews and analysis for graduates, academics, and practitioners and foreseeing a deeper understanding of the subject. Forthcoming texts, written and edited by experienced researchers from both industry and academia, will also discuss scientific challenges faced today in Veterinary Medicine and Science. In brief, we hope that books in this series will provide accessible references for those interested or working in this field and encourage learning in a range of different topics. PrefaceAnimal health, disease, and function are based on the fundamentals of anatomy, histology, embryology, and physiology. Therefore, these topics are essential for not only veterinary professionals but also animal owners. This book contains literature reviews and original research studies on animals ranging from primates to horses and cattle.The first section, "Anatomy, Embryology and Function," includes four chapters.Chapter 1, "Anatomy of the Rhesus Monkey (Macaca mulatta): The Essentials for the Biomedical Researcher", provides easily accessible anatomical data on the rhesus monkey. It explores the muscular, digestive, respiratory, urogenital, and circulatory systems in both males and females using incredible images to aid visualization. Chapter 2, "Anatomical Guide to the Paranasal Sinuses of Domestic Animals", is useful for anatomists, radiologists, clinicians, researchers, and even veterinary students. It examines the paranasal sinuses of production animals such as cattle, buffalo, sheep, and goats, in addition to camels, canines (dogs), and equines (horses and donkeys). Chapter 3, "Biomechanics of the Canine Elbow Joint", discusses the complex elbow joint of dogs, discussing normal ranges of movement and the techniques used to investigate these. It also examines the joint under adaptive change...

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“…At the same time, β -EP can cause cerebral ischemic injury by inhibiting prostaglandin production and adenylate cyclase activity [ 32 ]. High level of β -EP also inhibits ATP metabolism, promotes the production of oxygen free radicals, and damages brain cells [ 33 ]. LENK is an opioid peptide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Protective Effects of Water Extracts of Compound Turmeric Recipe on Acute Alcoholism: An Experimental Research Using a Mouse Model

Liang

Wang

et al. 2021

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Acute alcoholism (AAI) is a common emergency. Currently, there is a lack of preventive and therapeutic drugs with superior safety and efficacy. Curcuma longa, Panax ginseng, Pueraria lobata, Pueraria flower, and Hovenia dulcis Thunb., which are the components of compound turmeric recipe (CTR), are, respectively, used in China as adjuvant therapeutic agents for AAI and alcoholic liver injury, respectively. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of traditional compound turmeric recipe in anti-inebriation treatment and to identify its underlying mechanisms. The mice were administered with CTR mixture, and ethanol was subsequently given to mice by gavage. The effects of CTR on the righting reflex, 24-hour survival, drunken behavior, blood ethanol concentration, and pathological changes of liver are depicted. The activities of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were detected. Besides, the activities of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-8 (IL-8), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), cytochrome P450 (P450), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the liver and the levels of β-endorphin (β-EP) and leucine enkephalin (LENK) in the brain were also measured. Our results demonstrated that CTR can increase the activities of ADH, ALDH, P450, and SOD and decrease the contents of TNF-α, IL-8, and MDA in the liver. In addition, it can decrease the activities of ALT, AST, and ALP in serum and β-EP and LENK activities in the brain. CTR showed effects on prevention of acute alcoholism, promoting wakefulness, and alleviating alcoholic liver injury, which were likely mediated by the above mechanisms.

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The role of beta-endorphin in horses: a review

Cited by 12 publications

References 39 publications

A genome-wide scan for diversifying selection signatures in selected horse breeds

A genome-wide scan for diversifying selection signatures in selected horse breeds

Updates on Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology

The Protective Effects of Water Extracts of Compound Turmeric Recipe on Acute Alcoholism: An Experimental Research Using a Mouse Model

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