The role of biodiversity and natural resource management in food security in south-eastern Madagascar

Randrianarison, Narilala; Nischalke, Sarah; Andriamazaoro, H.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2020.1267.40

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Similar results were described also by Randrianarison et al [ 18 ] reporting that food consumption, in Atsimo Atsinanana Region in south-eastern Madagascar, was characterized by a high priority for staple foods, so that three quarters of the daily energy intake was covered by rice and cassava. Green-leafy vegetables of “anandrebaka”, “petsay” and sweet potato leaves were part of their daily diet, on the contrary, legumes, fish, zebu meat and pork meat were less frequently consumed, as well as fruit and dairy products [ 15 ].…”

Section: Food Habits In Madagascarsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…According to the 24-h recall, rice was the most consumed food item (by 100% of the sample), followed by sweet potato, cassava, and potatoes. Indeed, rice is the staple food for most Malagasy and is considered a “king product” [ 18 ].…”

Section: Food Habits In Madagascarmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, meat consumption was low and the proportion of mothers who had never consumed dairy products, milk and eggs was high [ 15 ]. Despite the high biodiversity of the region people did not follow a balanced diet [ 18 ].…”

Section: Food Habits In Madagascarmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel Foods and Sustainability as Means to Counteract Malnutrition in Madagascar

et al. 2021

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Although the trends of international reports show an increase in overweight and obesity, even in developing countries, there are still areas of the world, such as Sub-Saharan Africa, strongly affected by undernutrition. Specifically, in Madagascar, the percentage of stunted children under 5 is extremely high. Furthermore, the COVID-19 pandemic is expected to increase the risk of all forms of malnutrition, especially in low-income countries, including Madagascar, with serious intergenerational repercussions. This narrative review aims at investigating eating habits and cooking methods of the Malagasy population, addressing sustainable healthy diets through promotion of novel foods. While novel foods are a recent concept, there are data that describe how they may contribute to counteract food insecurity and malnutrition considering context and place. Efforts to promote native, traditional foods as Moringa oleifera, an indigenous plant in Asia and Africa including Madagascar, rich in protein and micronutrients, as well as edible insects, alternative sustainable source of protein, lipids, iron, and zinc, would provide not only nutritional but also cultural and economic benefits. The potential synergies between food traditions and agroecology have the potential to impact health addressing larger issues of sustainability and food security. Regional, national, and international policies are needed to develop and support one health approach actions.

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Section: Food Habits In Madagascarsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Food Habits In Madagascarmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel Foods and Sustainability as Means to Counteract Malnutrition in Madagascar

et al. 2021

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“…Most of the population (80%) are considered to be farmers (World Bank, 2020)-the vast majority of which are smallholders (Rakotobe et al, 2016), who are among the world's most vulnerable to climate change (Harvey et al, 2014). However, despite the prevalence of agriculture across the island, wild foods remain a prominent approach for coping with food insecurity (Golden et al, 2016;Randrianarison et al, 2020). Indeed, even before farming and herding came to the island, foraging was an important food procurement strategy for the Malagasy (Dewar et al, 2013).…”

Section: Forager-farmers Of Madagascarmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our study population consisted of rural smallholder farmers (growing on 10 Ha of land or less) and fisherfolk, who self-identified as being primarily of the Antaifasy (People of the Sand) ethnolinguistic group and sub-groups (e.g., Antevatobe, Rabakara, Zaravalala, Zaramanampy), living within 2 km of Manombo Special Reserve (5320 Ha) in southeastern Madagascar (Figure 2), which is among the most food insecure regions of the island (Randrianarison et al, 2020 and farmers employ traditional methods to grow rice and other crops, such as cassava, jackfruit, banana, breadfruit, etc. They also engage in cash crop production of coffee and cloves to a lesser extent.…”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Finding food in the hunger season: A mixed methods approach to understanding wild plant foods in relation to food security and dietary diversity in southeastern Madagascar

Moore

Alpaugh

Razafindrina³

et al. 2022

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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In many rural farming societies, wild plant foods (WPFs) continue to play an important role in everyday diets as well as in coping with hunger during food shortages. However, WPF collection and consumption may pose challenges to biodiversity conservation efforts (e.g., in protected areas), and some “famine foods,” foods not typically eaten under normal conditions, may have deleterious health impacts. Using data from a cross-sectional survey of 328 smallholder farmers and fisherfolk living in 15 villages surrounding Manombo Special Reserve on the southeastern coast of Madagascar, we examine the relationship between food security, dietary diversity, and consumption of WPFs, specifically giant aquatic arrowhead or via (Typhonodorum lindleyanum) and Polynesian arrowroot or tavolo (Tacca leontopetaloides), during the region's main lean season. We complement survey findings with focus group interviews to document traditional ecological knowledge and perceptions of these WPFs, including how tavolo and via are rendered edible, as well as human health effects from collecting, preparing, and eating them. Using multilevel logistic regression modeling, we found that consumption of these WPFs were significantly associated with inadequate nutrition among farmers. Wealthier households were less likely to consume these WPFs as a coping strategy during food insecure periods, while larger and more food insecure households were more likely to consume them. These findings reaffirm the importance of access to natural areas and support the design of protected area conservation strategies that honor local foodways and consider WPFs that serve as food safety nets for more vulnerable populations.

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Identifying nutrition-sensitive development options in Madagascar through a positive deviance approach

Rafanomezantsoa

Coral²,

Randrianarison³

et al. 2022

Food Sec.

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Context-adapted interventions are needed to alleviate the burden of food and nutrition insecurity on resource-poor rural households in southeastern Madagascar. The Positive Deviance approach implies identifying locally viable development solutions by focusing on particularly successful, innovative individuals. To identify promising practices that could be promoted as part of food and nutrition security (FNS) interventions in the Atsimo Atsinanana region of southeastern Madagascar, positive deviance was searched among smallholder farmers. Positive deviants are defined as households with overall optimal performance across four aspects of FNS: household-level food security, women’s diet quality, child’s diet quality, and low diarrhea incidence. To identify positive deviants, a two-step procedure was followed. Based on quantitative survey data from 413 rural smallholder households (mother-child pairs) with a child aged between 6 and 23 months, each household’s four performance scores were adjusted by removing the average effects of household resources. Then, households with Pareto-optimal performance were identified regarding the four aspects. Subsequently, 16 positive deviants were revisited and positive deviant practices were identified through in-depth interviews. A set of practices were validated through focus group discussions with local nutrition and agriculture experts. Positive deviant practices include the adoption of agricultural innovation, such as new cash crops, as well as nutrition-sensitive market behaviors and reliance on off-farm activities. In addition, some ethno-cultural factors help to explain positive deviance. These diverse positive deviant practices may serve as examples and inspiration for locally grounded development interventions targeting FNS in southeastern Madagascar.

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The role of biodiversity and natural resource management in food security in south-eastern Madagascar

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Novel Foods and Sustainability as Means to Counteract Malnutrition in Madagascar

Novel Foods and Sustainability as Means to Counteract Malnutrition in Madagascar

Finding food in the hunger season: A mixed methods approach to understanding wild plant foods in relation to food security and dietary diversity in southeastern Madagascar

Identifying nutrition-sensitive development options in Madagascar through a positive deviance approach

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