The role of Blastocystis hominis as a possible intestinal pathogen in travellers

Jelı́nek, Tomáš; Peyerl, G.; Löscher, Thomas; Sonnenburg, Frank von; Nothdurft, H. D.

doi:10.1016/s0163-4453(97)91025-2

Cited by 49 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Numbers of female and male participants were 143 (62.2%) and 87 (37.8%), respectively. Distribution of the individuals according to the age groups was nine (3.9%) for age 7-19, 76 (33%) for age 20-39, 90 (39.1%) for age [40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59], and 55 (24%) for age 60 and above. A minority of the participants (24%) were university graduates; however, most of the individuals (91.7%) had middle or high socioeconomic status.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike our findings, Jelinek and others suggested that Blastocystis hominis was related with the development of diarrhea in travelers returning from tropical countries. 44 It is generally accepted that Blastocystis is noninvasive however, vacuolar form of the protist was shown to invade the lamina propria, submucosal and muscular layers of the intestine, leading to inflammation and active colitis in experimentally infected mice. 45 Furthermore, the proteases of Blastocystis were suggested as a virulence factor that contributes to escape from the host immune response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiology and Prevalence of Blastocystis spp. in North Cyprus

Seyer¹,

Karasartova²,

Ruh³

et al. 2017

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of Blastocystis spp. and its subtypes (STs) in North Cyprus; and to evaluate the presence of this parasite and its STs with respect to demographic, socioeconomic, and epidemiological factors, as well as gastrointestinal symptoms. Stool samples were collected from 230 volunteers. Each participant also filled out a questionnaire. The samples were examined microscopically by native-Lugol and trichrome methods and further tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing. Prevalence of Blastocystis spp. infection was found to be 10.5%, 10.5%, and 27.8%, by direct microscopy, trichrome method, and PCR, respectively. No other parasites were detected in the specimens except Giardia spp. (n = 2; 0.8%) and Entamoeba coli (n = 1; 0.4%). The most common Blastocystis STs were ST3 (20; 31.2%), ST2 (18; 28.2%), ST1 (8; 12.5%), and ST4 (7; 11%); whereas other STs were identified as ST6 (3; 4.7%), ST7 (2; 3.2%), and non-ST (6; 9.4%). Presence of Blastocystis spp. and its STs was not significantly related to any of the demographic, socioeconomic, and epidemiological factors. Furthermore, no significant association of Blastocystis spp. and its STs with gastrointestinal symptoms was found. This study is the first investigation of the epidemiology of Blastocystis spp. in North Cyprus. Distribution of Blastocystis spp. and its STs among demographic, socioeconomic, and epidemiological factors showed complete homogeneity. Presence of the parasite and its STs was not significantly related with the gastrointestinal symptoms among symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. These findings suggest that Blastocystis spp. may be part of the intestinal flora in humans.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and Prevalence of Blastocystis spp. in North Cyprus

Seyer¹,

Karasartova²,

Ruh³

et al. 2017

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Blastocystis is an extremely ubiquitous parasite with a worldwide distribution (107,250). It is not uncommon for it to be the most frequently isolated parasite in epidemiological surveys (15,21,51,72,94,185,210,248,287,289).…”

Section: Epidemiology and Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

New Insights on Classification, Identification, and Clinical Relevance of Blastocystis spp

Tan¹

2008

Clin Microbiol Rev

621

715

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SUMMARY Blastocystis is an unusual enteric protozoan parasite of humans and many animals. It has a worldwide distribution and is often the most commonly isolated organism in parasitological surveys. The parasite has been described since the early 1900s, but only in the last decade or so have there been significant advances in our understanding of Blastocystis biology. However, the pleomorphic nature of the parasite and the lack of standardization in techniques have led to confusion and, in some cases, misinterpretation of data. This has hindered laboratory diagnosis and efforts to understand its mode of reproduction, life cycle, prevalence, and pathogenesis. Accumulating epidemiological, in vivo, and in vitro data strongly suggest that Blastocystis is a pathogen. Many genotypes exist in nature, and recent observations indicate that humans are, in reality, hosts to numerous zoonotic genotypes. Such genetic diversity has led to a suggestion that previously conflicting observations on the pathogenesis of Blastocystis are due to pathogenic and nonpathogenic genotypes. Recent epidemiological, animal infection, and in vitro host-Blastocystis interaction studies suggest that this may indeed be the case. This review focuses on such recent advances and also provides updates on laboratory and clinical aspects of Blastocystis spp.

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Section: Epidemiology and Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

Extreme anoxia tolerance in embryos of the annual killifishAustrofundulus limnaeus: insights from a metabolomics analysis

Podrabsky

Lopez

Fan

et al. 2007

Journal of Experimental Biology

129

154

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SUMMARY The annual killifish Austrofundulus limnaeus survives in ephemeral pond habitats by producing drought-tolerant diapausing embryos. These embryos probably experience oxygen deprivation as part of their normal developmental environment. We assessed the anoxia tolerance of A. limnaeus embryos across the duration of embryonic development. Embryos develop a substantial tolerance to anoxia during early development, which peaks during diapause II. This extreme tolerance of anoxia is retained during the first 4 days of post-diapause II development and is then lost. Metabolism during anoxia appears to be supported mainly by production of lactate, with alanine and succinate production contributing to a lesser degree. Anoxic embryos also accumulate large quantities of γ-aminobutyrate (GABA), a potential protector of neural function. It appears that the suite of characters associated with normal development and entry into diapause II in this species prepares the embryos for long-term survival in anoxia even while the embryos are exposed to aerobic conditions. This is the first report of such extreme anoxia tolerance in a vertebrate embryo, and introduces a new model for the study of anoxia tolerance in vertebrates.

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The role of Blastocystis hominis as a possible intestinal pathogen in travellers

Cited by 49 publications

References 17 publications

Epidemiology and Prevalence of Blastocystis spp. in North Cyprus

Epidemiology and Prevalence of Blastocystis spp. in North Cyprus

New Insights on Classification, Identification, and Clinical Relevance of Blastocystis spp

Extreme anoxia tolerance in embryos of the annual killifishAustrofundulus limnaeus: insights from a metabolomics analysis

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