The Role of Bottom-Up and Top-Down Cortical Interactions in Adaptation to Natural Scene Statistics

Habtegiorgis, Selam; Jarvers, Christian; Rifai, Katharina; Neumann, Heiko; Wahl, Siegfried

doi:10.3389/fncir.2019.00009

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 89 publications

(137 reference statements)

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“…At the same time, the altered motion direction statistics of the natural image sequences can influence the perceived skew after adaptation. Both types of aftereffects, change of perceived skew as well as motion direction, are known to occur for skew distorted natural stimuli (Habtegiorgis et al, 2017(Habtegiorgis et al, , 2019. This all suggests that the tested motion aftereffect is a measurement for distortion adaptation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…In progressive addition lenses skew distortions are the prominent type of distortion. After adaptation to skew distorted natural stimuli, the perceived level of image skew of a static pattern changes (Habtegiorgis et al, 2017) as well as perceived motion direction of a test stimulus (Habtegiorgis et al, 2019). The first study also showed that during fixation, the aftereffect is transferred to retinal locations without adaptation stimulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The homogeneously but oppositely skewed adaptation stimuli in the form of natural image sequences are shown simultaneously at two distinct locations in the visual field with the same eccentricity. For the same skew distorted natural stimulus, both motion and form aftereffects are known to occur (Habtegiorgis et al, 2017(Habtegiorgis et al, , 2019, since both motion and form features are altered by skew distortions. Additionally, because of interaction between the processes of motion and form adaptation only one type of aftereffect is used in our experiment as measurement for skew distortion adaptation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parallel Adaptation to Spatially Distinct Distortions

2020

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Optical distortions as a visual disturbance are inherent in many optical devices such as spectacles or virtual reality headsets. In such devices, distortions vary spatially across the visual field. In progressive addition lenses, for example, the left and right regions of the lens skew the peripheral parts of the wearers visual field in opposing directions. The human visual system adapts to homogeneous distortions and the respective aftereffects are transferred to non-retinotopic locations. This study investigates simultaneous adaptation to two opposing distortions at different retinotopic locations. Two oppositely skewed natural image sequences were presented to 10 subjects as adaptation stimuli at two distinct locations in the visual field. To do so, subjects were instructed to keep fixation on a target. Eye tracking was used for gaze control. Change of perceived motion direction was measured in a direction identification task. The point of subjective equality (PSE), that is, the angle at which a group of coherently moving dots was perceived as moving horizontal, was determined for both retinal locations. The shift of perceived motion direction was evaluated by comparing PSE before and after adaptation. A significant shift at both retinal locations in the direction of the skew distortion of the corresponding adaptation stimulus is demonstrated. Consequently, parallel adaptation to two opposing distortions in a retinotopic reference frame was confirmed by this study.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parallel Adaptation to Spatially Distinct Distortions

2020

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“…Through the temporal correlation of frames, not only each image but also motion statistics were strongly influenced by the skew. A description of the resulting motion statistics can be found in Habtegiorgis, Jarvers, Rifai, Neumann, and Wahl (2019a ).…”

Section: Experiments 1: Form Adaptation Aftereffects Induced By Distormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The materials and methods used in this experiment were the same as in Experiment 1 , except for modifications described below. Motion content of the adaptation stimulus has been thoroughly described in Habtegiorgis et al (2019a ).…”

Section: Experiments 2: Motion Adaptation Aftereffects Induced By Distmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motion-form interaction: Motion and form aftereffects induced by distorted static natural scenes

et al. 2020

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Spatially varying distortions (SVDs) are common artifacts of spectacles like progressive additional lenses (PALs). To habituate to distortions of PALs, the visual system has to adapt to distortion-induced image alterations, termed skew adaptation . But how this visual adjustment is achieved is largely unknown. This study examines the properties of visual adaptation to distortions of PALs in natural scenes. The visual adaptation in response to altered form and motion features of the natural stimuli were probed in two different psychophysical experiments. Observers were exposed to distortions in natural images, and form and motion aftereffects were tested subsequently in a constant stimuli procedure where subjects were asked to judge the skew, or the motion direction of an according test stimulus. Exposure to skewed natural stimuli induced a shift in perceived undistorted form as well as motion direction, when viewing distorted dynamic natural scenes, and also after exposure to static distorted natural images. Therefore, skew adaptation occurred in form and motion for dynamic visual scenes as well as static images. Thus, specifically in the condition of static skewed images and the test feature of motion direction, cortical interactions between motion-form processing presumably contributed to the adaptation process. In a nutshell, interfeature cortical interactions constituted the adaptation process to distortion of PALs. Thus, comprehensive investigation of adaptation to distortions of PALs would benefit from taking into account content richness of the stimuli to be used, like natural images.

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