The Role of CaO in the Ziegler–Natta Catalyst for Propylene Polymerization

Tangjituabun, Kitti; Jongsomjit, Bunjerd; Praserthdam, Piyasan

doi:10.1007/s10562-006-0071-5

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Thus, the expected sequence of catalytic activity was TEA > TiBA > TnOA. The noticeable difference of catalytic activity among these three cocatalyst types was observed as seen in many previous works using only TiCl 4 as a titanium precursor. The obtained sequence can be explained by polymerization method.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 66%

“…Many research fields have involved with this kind of catalyst including improvement of catalytic activities, characterization techniques, and development of a novel support . In addition, numerous related factors such as polymerization temperature, cocatalyst types, and Al/Ti ratios are also crucial to optimize for the enhancement of catalytic activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the selection of cocatalyst is one of the principle factors accounting for high catalytic activity achievement. For this reason, the effects of cocatalysts on Ziegler–Natta catalyst activity and polymer properties have been widely studied; however, the precursor used is only titanium tetrachloride (TiCl 4 ) . From the previous work, it was found that triethylaluminium (TEA) could perform higher catalytic activity than triisobutylaluminum (TiBA) because of its higher reducing power on MgCl 2 /SiO 2 /TiCl 4 /diester type catalyst for ethylene/propylene copolymerization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Observation on different reducing power of cocatalysts on the Ziegler–Natta catalyst containing alkoxide species for ethylene polymerization

Hongmanee

Sripothongnak

Jongsomjit

et al. 2014

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this work, the effects of three types of cocatalyst having different alkyl groups, such as triethylaluminium (TEA), triisobutylaluminum (TiBA), and trioctylaluminium (TnOA), and their concentrations on the catalytic activity and polymer properties were investigated for the Ziegler–Natta catalyst containing alkoxide species. The drastic escalation of catalytic activity was observed when the ratio of Al/Ti was increased only for TEA because of its good diffusivity as proven by the electron spin resonance technique. Moreover, it was found that the characteristic of the alkyl group in cocatalyst affected on the chain transfer ability. The chain transfer ability of TnOA was found to be equal to the TiBA in spite of its concentration was higher. By the way, the cocatalyst types and their concentrations did not affect on the variety of active sites as seen in molecular weight distribution of polymer. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40884.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Observation on different reducing power of cocatalysts on the Ziegler–Natta catalyst containing alkoxide species for ethylene polymerization

Hongmanee

Sripothongnak

Jongsomjit

et al. 2014

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…In order to elucidate the effect of fumed silica, the in situ ESR measurement was performed. ESR is one of the most powerful techniques used to measure the oxidation of Ti 3+ , especially upon the in situ condition [13]. In this measurement, the catalyst samples having different amounts of fumed silica added were activated by TEA based on polymerization condition.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation on inhibition of Ti3+ reduction by fumed silica addition in Ziegler-Natta catalyst with in situ ESR

Pinyocheep

Ayudhya

Jongsomjit

et al. 2012

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry

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“…In addition, the ZN catalyst preparation process has attracted great academic and industrial interest because of its influence on the catalytic activity, kinetics of olefin polymerization, and final polyolefin properties [11,12]. The picture emerging from the above studies supports that activity and morphology of ZN catalysts are depended on many factors such as the type of alcohol in the adduct, dealcoholation method, crystal structure of support, process of synthesis and the presence of different components [2,8,[13][14][15]. In this regard, studies revealed that in catalyst preparation process, some parameters such as injection temperature of TiCl 4 and internal donor and their amount, temperature program, and the type and amount of the solvent are effective factors which affect on the performance of the resulted ZN catalyst [16,17].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Water on the Supported Ziegler–Natta Catalysts: Optimization of the Operating Conditions by Response Surface Methodology

et al. 2015

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In this study different water containing adducts, with MgCl 2 ÁnEtOHÁmH 2 O formula, were synthesized through melt quenching method. After characterization of support samples, the final catalysts were prepared by reaction of the samples with TiCl 4 and tested in slurry phase propylene polymerization. The prepared catalysts showed similar stereospecificities but different activities in polymerization experiments, so that, with increasing water amount from m = 0.0 to m = 0.4 wt%, the catalyst activity reached its maximum value of 4.62 kgPP/g Cat.h, and then by further water increase, from m = 0.4 to m = 1.0 wt%, the activity decreased. After optimizing water content, to reach the maximum efficiency of the catalytic system, optimization of the synthesis conditions was considered via response surface methodology. The studied operation conditions affecting the catalyst efficiency were volume ratio of TiCl 4 to toluene (V), initial TiCl 4 injection temperature (I) and TiCl 4 injection time (T). Results showed that catalytic performance is strongly dependent on its preparation conditions. Analysis of variance indicated that V and I are the most effecting parameters on the catalyst activity with F-value of 39.64, and 8.12, respectively. Indeed, it was found that TiCl 4 injection time had no enormous effect on the catalyst activity, but in combination with V, the injection time increment through the scrutinized range decreased the polymerization activity. The obtained model provided a promising tool for designing suitable catalysts for polypropylene production using MgCl 2 /TiCl 4 based Ziegler-Natta catalysts. Graphical Abstract The focus of the present study is to explore how the presence of water in the adduct synthesis step affects the final ZN catalyst performance in propylene polymerization. Besides water amount, effect of important catalyst synthesis parameters on the catalytic performance was studied as well through response surface methodology.

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The Role of CaO in the Ziegler–Natta Catalyst for Propylene Polymerization

Cited by 6 publications

References 14 publications

Observation on different reducing power of cocatalysts on the Ziegler–Natta catalyst containing alkoxide species for ethylene polymerization

Observation on different reducing power of cocatalysts on the Ziegler–Natta catalyst containing alkoxide species for ethylene polymerization

Observation on inhibition of Ti3+ reduction by fumed silica addition in Ziegler-Natta catalyst with in situ ESR

Effect of Water on the Supported Ziegler–Natta Catalysts: Optimization of the Operating Conditions by Response Surface Methodology

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