The Role of Carbohydrates on The Induction of Somatic Embryogenesis and The Biochemical State of The Embryogenic Callus in Pyrus communis L. Cv. ‘Dar Gazi’

Ameri, Atefe; Davarynejad, Gholam Hossein; Moshtaghi, Nasrin; Tehranifar, Ali

doi:10.1007/s10341-020-00518-6

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Starch, as the main storage material in plant cells, participates in various physiological and biochemical processes in the cell, and actively participates in metabolism during the development of SEs [ 28 ]. In the studies of Pyrus community [ 20 ] and Pseudotsuga menziesii [ 29 ], when comparing embryonic tissue and nonembryonic tissue, a higher level of starch was found in nonembryonic tissue. This phenomenon is similar to the results of the present study, in which a significant negative correlation was observed between SE yield and starch of P. koraiensis .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, we found that the soluble protein content in R cell lines was significantly higher than that in B cell lines. Many studies have pointed out that the protein content in embryonic tissue is positively correlated with SE yield [ 20 , 29 , 30 ]. Similarly, in the studies of Coffea arabica [ 31 ] and Cordyline australis [ 32 ], the protein content of the embryonic tissue was higher than that of the nonembryonic tissue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), ethylene, and ROS-related proteins detected in A. angustifolia were associated with cell lines with high somatic embryogenesis potential [ 7 , 19 ]. Additionally, embryonic tissue had larger concentrations of soluble sugar and protein, and a lower level of starch when compared to nonembryonic tissue [ 20 ]. These findings suggest that morphological and physiological markers can be used to screen cell lines with a somatic embryogenesis potential before SE maturation, and that the characteristics of effective markers can also clarify the physiological basis of somatic embryogenesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological and Physiological Indicators for Screening Cell Lines with High Potential for Somatic Embryo Maturation at an Early Stage of Somatic Embryogenesis in Pinus Koraiensis

Peng

Gao

Wang

et al. 2022

Plants

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Many cell lines in the embryogenic callus cannot produce somatic embryos (SEs) even if they meet the optimal SE maturation culture conditions during conifer somatic embryogenesis. This phenomenon hinders the progress of the industrial-scale reproduction of conifers. Therefore, there is an urgent need to obtain morphological and physiological markers to screen embryogenic calli in response to SE maturation conditions. To detect cell lines with high somatic embryogenesis potential during the proliferation process, we counted the number of pro-embryos and early SEs (ESEs) in different cell lines and storage substances, endogenous hormones, and polyamine contents. The results showed that the yield of P. koraiensis SEs was heavily dependent on genotype (p = 0.001). There were high levels of PE III (pro-embryo III) number, ESE number, and soluble protein content, in the response cell lines (R cell lines), which were 1.6-, 3-, and 1.1-fold those of the obstructive cell lines (B cell lines), respectively. The B cell line had high levels of starch, auxin (IAA), Put, Spd, and putrescine: spermine (Put: Spm) compared to the R cell line. In addition, the numbers of PE III, ESEs, and soluble protein content were significantly positively correlated with SE yield. In contrast, the contents of starch, abscisic acid (ABA), Put, Spm, and Spd were significantly negatively correlated with SE yield. To ensure the accuracy of the results, we used nine cell lines to test the results. The PE III and ESE numbers and the Spm and Spd contents were positively correlated with SE yield, while the levels of starch, ABA, IAA, Put: Spd, and Put: Spm were negatively correlated with SE yield. Thus, we recommend using high PE III and ESEs as morphological indicators and low levels of starch, IAA, ABA, and Put: Spm as physiological markers to screen cell lines with a high somatic embryogenesis potential. In addition, we also found that the relationship between Spd, Spm, and SE yield was opposite in the two experimental results. Therefore, we speculate that the differences in Spd and Spm content are mainly affected by genotype. In conclusion, this study obtained the morphological and physiological markers of some high-somatic embryogenic cell lines by comparing the differences between nine somatic embryogenic cell lines. Our results can guide the improvement of conifer somatic embryogenesis technology and can provide a theoretical basis for accelerating the application of biotechnology in large-scale artificial breeding.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological and Physiological Indicators for Screening Cell Lines with High Potential for Somatic Embryo Maturation at an Early Stage of Somatic Embryogenesis in Pinus Koraiensis

Peng

Gao

Wang

et al. 2022

Plants

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“…(Yang et al, 2020). Scott et al (1995), studying the metabolism of maltose and sucrose in the embryogenesis of microspores isolated from Hordeum vulgare L., reported a higher assimilation of carbon in the culture medium, containing sucrose than in those containing maltose, probably because sucrose is well assimilated in both gymnosperms and angiosperms (Ameri et al, 2020;De Sousa et al, 2020;Peng et al, 2020;Shirin et al, 2020). However, different authors have shown controversial results; in this sense, Scott et al (1995) associated the induction of embryogenesis with lower rates of substrate accumulation obtained from culture media containing maltose, and Carrion Pereira et al (2019) described maltose as more efficient than sucrose to regenerate Urochloa brizantha cv.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Chemical Environment at Maturation Stage in Pinus spp. Somatic Embryogenesis: Implications in the Polyamine Profile of Somatic Embryos and Morphological Characteristics of the Developed Plantlets

Nascimento¹,

Polesi

Back

et al. 2021

Front. Plant Sci.

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Changes in the chemical environment at the maturation stage in Pinus spp. somatic embryogenesis will be a determinant factor in the conversion of somatic embryos to plantlets. Furthermore, the study of biochemical and morphological aspects of the somatic embryos could enable the improvement of somatic embryogenesis in Pinus spp. In the present work, the influence of different amino acid combinations, carbohydrate sources, and concentrations at the maturation stage of Pinus radiata D. Don and Pinus halepensis Mill. was analyzed. In P. radiata, the maturation medium supplemented with 175 mM of sucrose and an increase in the amino acid mixture (1,100 mgL–1 of L-glutamine, 1,050 mgL–1 of L-asparagine, 350 mgL–1 of L-arginine, and 35 mgL–1 of L-proline) promoted bigger embryos, with a larger stem diameter and an increase in the number of roots in the germinated somatic embryos, improving the acclimatization success of this species. In P. halepensis, the maturation medium supplemented with 175 mM of maltose improved the germination of somatic embryos. The increase in the amount of amino acids in the maturation medium increased the levels of putrescine in the germinated somatic embryos of P. halepensis. We detected significant differences in the amounts of polyamines between somatic plantlets of P. radiata and P. halepensis; putrescine was less abundant in both species. For the first time, in P. radiata and P. halepensis somatic embryogenesis, we detected the presence of cadaverine, and its concentration changed according to the species.

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“…This process offers multiple opportunities for the study of molecular bases regulating the zygotic embryogenesis and development pathways in model plants, such as A. thaliana and M. truncatula [6,10], and even in economically important crops, such as Coffea canephora [11,63]. In the Rosaceae family, most studies related to SE have been focused on the establishment of culture conditions for somatic embryo development, based on other studies on Rubus, Rosa, Malus, Prunus, and Pyrus genus [64][65][66][67][68] and F. × ananassa [14][15][16]. However, the study of molecular bases in these agronomic species has not been addressed in depth [13,69,70].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Analysis of Somatic Embryogenesis-Related Transcription Factors in Cultivated Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) and Evolutionary Relationships among Rosaceae Species

2021

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Somatic embryogenesis is a plant regeneration method commonly used in tissue culture. Its molecular mechanisms are well-known in model plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana L. LEAFY COTYLEDON1 (LEC1), LEAFY COTYLEDON2 (LEC2), FUSCA3 (FUS3), ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE3 (ABI3), and BABYBOOM (BBM) genes are considered master regulators in the induction, growth, and maturation of somatic embryos. However, the study of these transcription factors in fruit crops with high agronomic and economic value such as cultivated strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) and other Rosaceae species is scarce. The purpose of this study was the in silico characterization of LEC1, ABI3, FUS3, LEC2, and BBM(LAFL-B) genes from F. × ananassa genome and the study of the evolutionary relationships within the Rosaceae family. Synteny analyses and molecular evolutionary rates were performed to analyze the evolution of each transcription factor within the Rosaceae family. Synteny was conserved between F. × ananassa and other Rosaceae genomes, and paralogous genes were selected through negative selection. Additionally, the exon–intron organization and multiple alignments showed that gene structure and DNA-binding domains were conserved in F. ×ananassa transcription factors. Finally, phylogenetic trees showed close evolutionary relationships between F. × ananassa and its orthologous proteins in the Rosoideae subfamily. Overall, this research revealed novel insights in the LAFL-B network in F. × ananassa and other species of the Rosaceae family. These results provide useful in silico information and new resources for the establishment of more efficient propagation systems or the study of ploidy effects on somatic embryogenesis.

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The Role of Carbohydrates on The Induction of Somatic Embryogenesis and The Biochemical State of The Embryogenic Callus in Pyrus communis L. Cv. ‘Dar Gazi’

Cited by 8 publications

References 32 publications

Morphological and Physiological Indicators for Screening Cell Lines with High Potential for Somatic Embryo Maturation at an Early Stage of Somatic Embryogenesis in Pinus Koraiensis

Morphological and Physiological Indicators for Screening Cell Lines with High Potential for Somatic Embryo Maturation at an Early Stage of Somatic Embryogenesis in Pinus Koraiensis

The Chemical Environment at Maturation Stage in Pinus spp. Somatic Embryogenesis: Implications in the Polyamine Profile of Somatic Embryos and Morphological Characteristics of the Developed Plantlets

Genome-Wide Analysis of Somatic Embryogenesis-Related Transcription Factors in Cultivated Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) and Evolutionary Relationships among Rosaceae Species

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