The role of casein in the development of hypercholesterolemia

Koury, Olivia Hanna; Scheede‐Bergdahl, Celena; Bergdahl, Andreas

doi:10.1007/s13105-014-0365-9

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…However, whether or not this observed increase in risk is driven by protein per se is unclear and difficult to define. On the other hand, soy protein was claimed by the FDA (1999) to decrease cardiovascular disease risk through a cholesterol-lowering effect, whereas casein was thought to be hypercholesterolemic (10). In addition, given the current increased environmental impact of animal proteins, plant proteins are likely to be favored in the future for human consumption, given their lower environmental impact (11,12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of the Effects of Plant Compared with Animal Protein Sources on Features of Metabolic Syndrome

et al. 2017

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Dietary protein may play an important role in the prevention of metabolic dysfunctions. However, the way in which the protein source affects these dysfunctions has not been clearly established. The aim of the current systematic review was to compare the impact of plant- and animal-sourced dietary proteins on several features of metabolic syndrome in humans. The PubMed database was searched for both chronic and acute interventional studies, as well as observational studies, in healthy humans or those with metabolic dysfunctions, in which the impact of animal and plant protein intake was compared while using the following variables: cholesterolemia and triglyceridemia, blood pressure, glucose homeostasis, and body composition. Based on data extraction, we observed that soy protein consumption (with isoflavones), but not soy protein alone (without isoflavones) or other plant proteins (pea and lupine proteins, wheat gluten), leads to a 3% greater decrease in both total and LDL cholesterol compared with animal-sourced protein ingestion, especially in individuals with high fasting cholesterol concentrations. This observation was made when animal proteins were provided as a whole diet rather than given supplementally. Some observational studies reported an inverse association between plant protein intake and systolic and diastolic blood pressure, but this was not confirmed by intervention studies. Moreover, plant protein (wheat gluten, soy protein) intake as part of a mixed meal resulted in a lower postprandial insulin response than did whey. This systematic review provides some evidence that the intake of soy protein associated with isoflavones may prevent the onset of risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease, i.e., hypercholesterolemia and hypertension, in humans. However, we were not able to draw any further conclusions from the present work on the positive effects of plant proteins relating to glucose homeostasis and body composition.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of the Effects of Plant Compared with Animal Protein Sources on Features of Metabolic Syndrome

et al. 2017

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“…Additionally these choices include increased fiber content which increase the absorption, and thus loss of bile acids through defecation [9]. This loss is compensated by increased hepatic modulation of plasma cholesterol into bile acids [15] with a subsequent reduction in serum cholesterol and thus a lower risk of CVD in vegans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poor Cardiovascular Risk Profile Following a Vegan Diet: A Case Report

Koury¹,

Bergdahl²

2016

BJMMR

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Introduction: Vegetarianism and veganism are becoming increasingly popular in North America due to reasons ranging from environmental motives to animal rights. While the vegetarian lifestyle allows some egg and dairy items, vegans completely abstain from all animal products in favour of plant-based diets. Of additional interest to vegans, are the health benefits associated with cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, weight loss and some particular forms of cancer. Case Presentation: Numerous studies have demonstrated drastic improvements in lipid markers such as low-density lipoprotein and total cholesterol that follows vegan dieting when compared to vegetarians or omnivores. This case report discusses a female patient who revealed abnormal lipid markers following blood analysis, despite observing a strict vegan diet for two years. Conclusion:It is questioned whether a vegan diet and its associated macronutrients are indeed beneficial for cholesterol levels or if adhering to this diet require more thorough investigation for an overall reduced risk of cardiovascular disease.

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“…Evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) indicated that milk protein supplementation was an effective diet approach for reducing blood pressure (BP) [ 8 , 9 ] specifically identifying casein as the most abundant high-quality protein in milk, which accounts for 80% of total milk protein [ 10 ]. Casein contains nearly all common amino acids and most essential amino acids [ 11 ]. It belongs to a slow-digesting protein, possessing a delayed release property in the digestive system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Casein Hydrolysate on Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

et al. 2022

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Casein hydrolysate has various biological functional activities, especially prominent are angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory activities. Increasing evidence has reported the prominent hypotensive effect of casein hydrolysate. However, the effects of casein hydrolysate on cardiovascular risk factors remain unclear and require more comprehensive and detailed studies. Here, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to summarize the effects of casein hydrolysate supplementation on blood pressure, blood lipids, and blood glucose. In the pooled analyses, casein hydrolysate significantly reduced systolic blood pressure by 3.20 mmHg (−4.53 to −1.87 mmHg) and diastolic blood pressure by 1.50 mmHg (−2.31 to −0.69 mmHg). Supplementation of casein hydrolysate displayed no effect on total cholesterol (−0.07 mmol/L; −0.17 to 0.03 mmol/L), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (−0.04 mmol/L; −0.15 to 0.08 mmol/L), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (−0.01mmol/L; −0.06 to 0.03 mmol/L), triglycerides (−0.05 mmol/L, −0.14 to 0.05 mmol/L), or fasting blood glucose (−0.01 mmol/L; −0.10 to 0.09 mmol/L) compared with the placebo diets. Collectively, this study indicated that supplementation of casein hydrolysate displayed decreasing effect on blood pressure without affecting blood lipids or glycemic status.

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The role of casein in the development of hypercholesterolemia

Cited by 9 publications

References 50 publications

A Systematic Review of the Effects of Plant Compared with Animal Protein Sources on Features of Metabolic Syndrome

A Systematic Review of the Effects of Plant Compared with Animal Protein Sources on Features of Metabolic Syndrome

Poor Cardiovascular Risk Profile Following a Vegan Diet: A Case Report

Effect of Casein Hydrolysate on Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

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