The Role of Cell-Mediated Immunity in Bacterial Infections

Hahn, Helmut; Kaufmann, Stefan H. E.

doi:10.1093/clinids/3.6.1221

Cited by 426 publications

(204 citation statements)

References 258 publications

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“…The specific responses are well characterised by mechanisms which prevent fur ther multiplication and spreading of mycobateria. These events, called macrophage activa tion and granuloma formation, are specific in their induction but are non-specific in their expression, since they are locally able to inhibit growth and dissemination of other obligate or facultative unrelated intracellular multiplying microorganisms (7). Several excellent re views have appeared during the past few years on the immunology of mycobacterial infec tions (8)(9)(10)(11)(12); from these and other relevant literature, it can be concluded that the specificity of the immune response to pathological or non-pathological mycobacteria has been shown to be mediated by thymus-dependent lymphocytes (T lymphocytes).…”

Section: Immune Responses After Mycobacterial Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of protective immunity to mycobacterial infections

Ph¹,

Hurtrel²

1986

Leprosy Review

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Section: Immune Responses After Mycobacterial Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of protective immunity to mycobacterial infections

Ph¹,

Hurtrel²

1986

Leprosy Review

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“…The macrophage is considered to be an important component of the innate immune response against bacterial infection and cancer (Hahn and Kaufmann, 1981;Verstovsek et al, 1992). During development into the next activated stage, the macrophage undergoes induction of phagocytic activity and an increase in the secretion of various materials, such as cytokines and nitric oxide (NO), which bring about nonspecifi c immune responses (Adams and hamilton, 1984;Nathan, 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phagocytic Effects of β-Glucans from the Mushroom Coriolus versicolor are Related to Dectin-1, NOS, TNF-α Signaling in Macrophages

Jang¹,

Kang²,

Sohn³

2011

Biomolecules and Therapeutics

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Coriolus versicolor (known as "Yun Zhi"), a mushroom fungus of the Basidiomycetes family, has been used in Asia for the prevention of infectious diseases and in the United States as a dietary supplement for surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and rehabilitation (Kidd, 2000;Ho et al., 2005). These mushrooms contain biologically active polysaccharides, most of which belong to the β-glucan group. β-Glucans are naturally occurring (1→3)-β-D-linked polymer glucoses that are found in the cell walls of certain pathogenic bacteria, fungi, mushrooms, algae, and cereal grains (Williams et al., 1992;Muller et al., 1996) Different sources and types of β-glucans result in diverse physicochemical properties, such as solubility, primary structure, molecular weight, and branching. Interestingly, these variables in the β-glucan group can induce distinct biological activities, depending on their origins (Yadomae, 2000) such as antitumor effects (Ross, 2000) and anti-infective propThe mushroom Coriolus versicolor contains biologically active polysaccharides, most of which belong to the β-glucan group. Diverse physicochemical properties, due to different sources and isolated types of β-glucans, can induce distinct biological activities. We investigated the effects of β-glucans from C. versicolor on phagocytic activity, nitric oxide (NO), TNF-α production, and signaling of dectin-1, a well-known β-glucan receptor, in macrophages. β-Glucans increased phagocytic activity and TNF-α and NO-iNOS/eNOS production. Laminarin, a specifi c inhibitor of dectin-1, showed strong inhibitory effects on phagocytosis and subsequent TNF-α, iNOS, and eNOS production increased by β-glucans, indicating that β-glucans reacts with dectin-1 receptors. We examined whether the aforementioned cytokines were involved in the signaling pathway from the dectin-1 receptor to phagocytosis, and found that the inhibition of iNOS, eNOS, and TNF-α receptors signifi cantly decreased β-glucan-induced phagocytosis. In conclusion, our study showed that dectin-1 signaling, triggered by β-glucans, subsequently elicited TNF-α and NO-iNOS/eNOS production, and that these molecules seem to act as secondary molecules that cause eventual phagocytosis by macrophages. These fi ndings suggest that C. versicolor could be used as a nutritional medicine that may be useful in the treatment of infectious disease. Key

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“…Granulomas function to contain the infection and prevent dissemination, yet at the same time contribute to tissue damage within the host (Actor et al, 1999;Algood et al, 2003). Antigen-specific T cells are essential for the maintenance of the granuloma, and secrete cytokines which help to activate macrophages and increase bacterial killing (Dannenberg, 1991;Hahn & Kaufmann, 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CD3+ cells transfer the hypersensitive granulomatous response to mycobacterial glycolipid trehalose 6,6′-dimycolate in mice

Guidry

Hunter²,

Actor

2006

Microbiology

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The granulomatous response is the characteristic histological feature of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection that is essential for organism containment. Trehalose 6,6-dimycolate (TDM), a cell-wall glycolipid present on most mycobacterial species, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of M. tuberculosis infection. TDM has potent immunoregulatory and inflammatory properties, and can be used to model granulomatous reactions that mimic, in part, pathology caused during active infection. This study examined the hypersensitive granulomatous response, focusing on cellular responses specific to TDM. Lungs from mice immunized with TDM emulsion demonstrated exacerbated histological damage, inflammation, and lymphocytic infiltration upon subsequent challenge with TDM. Splenocytes recovered from these mice demonstrated significant interferon (IFN)-γ production during recall response to TDM, as well as increased production of proinflammatory mediators (tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and macrophage inflammatory protein-1α). The exacerbated response could be adoptively transferred to naïve mice. Administration of non-adherent lymphocytes or purified CD3+ cells from TDM-immunized mice led to increased inflammation, lymphocytic infiltration, and vascular endothelial cell damage upon challenge with TDM. Recipient mice that received immunized CD3+ lymphocytes demonstrated significant increases in Th1-type cytokines and proinflammatory mediators in lung tissue following TDM challenge. When CD1d−/− mice were immunized with TDM, they failed to generate a specific IFN-γ response, suggesting a role for this molecule in the generation of hypersensitivity. These experiments provide further evidence for the involvement of TDM-specific CD3+ T cells in pathological damage elicited during M. tuberculosis infection.

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The Role of Cell-Mediated Immunity in Bacterial Infections

Cited by 426 publications

References 258 publications

Induction of protective immunity to mycobacterial infections

Induction of protective immunity to mycobacterial infections

Phagocytic Effects of β-Glucans from the Mushroom Coriolus versicolor are Related to Dectin-1, NOS, TNF-α Signaling in Macrophages

CD3+ cells transfer the hypersensitive granulomatous response to mycobacterial glycolipid trehalose 6,6′-dimycolate in mice

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