The role of character strengths in predicting gains in informal caregivers of dementia

García-Castro, F. Javier; Alba, Ana Rocío Ocón; Blanca, María J.

doi:10.1080/13607863.2019.1667298

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…However, higher educated caregivers experienced less positive caregiving experiences. This negative association has also been found in previous research 28,29,31 . Kramer suggested that higher educated caregivers might perceive a more prominent status disparity between their role as a professional and their role as caregiver 31 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…This might be because the PES was not specifically designed for caregivers of people with dementia 14 . Internal consistency of the GAIN and PAC in the present study was comparable to those reported in the community setting (GAIN: 0.88–0.89, PAC: 0.87–0.89) 10,12,27–29 . When using the PES in dementia caregivers, the developers suggested to use the six‐item version 14 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…14 Internal consistency of the GAIN and PAC in the present study was comparable to those reported in the community setting (GAIN: 0.88–0.89, PAC: 0.87–0.89). 10 , 12 , 27 , 28 , 29 When using the PES in dementia caregivers, the developers suggested to use the six‐item version. 14 Excluding these two items did not increase the internal consistency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This negative association has also been found in previous research. 28 , 29 , 31 Kramer suggested that higher educated caregivers might perceive a more prominent status disparity between their role as a professional and their role as caregiver. 31 Highly educated caregivers might be used to being engaged in more intellectually stimulating activities, which can make it difficult to perceive the caregiving tasks as rewarding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measuring positive caregiving experiences in family caregivers of nursing home residents: A comparison of the Positive Experiences Scale, Gain in Alzheimer Care INstrument, and Positive Aspects of Caregiving questionnaire

Smaling

Joling

Achterberg

et al. 2021

Geriatrics Gerontology Int

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Aim To compare the Positive Experiences Scale (PES), Gain in Alzheimer Care INstrument (GAIN) and Positive Aspects of Caregiving (PAC) in assessing positive caregiving experiences among caregivers of nursing home residents with dementia, and to explore which caregiver and care recipient characteristics relate to positive caregiving experiences. Methods A total of 63 caregivers (mean age 59.2 years; SD 11.8) of nursing home residents with dementia from four Dutch nursing homes participated in this cross‐sectional observational study. Internal consistency, convergent validity and user‐friendliness (i.e. perception of item relevance and comprehensibility, ease of use, missing items, and user preference) were examined using Cronbach's alpha's, correlation coefficients and descriptive statistics, respectively. Results The Cronbach's alpha for the GAIN, PAC and PES was 0.90, 0.94 and 0.68, respectively. The sum score of the PES showed a ceiling effect. Convergent validity was confirmed for all three instruments. The PES had the least missing data (mean number of missing items 0.2, SD 0.5) and was preferred by 40% of the caregivers, followed by the GAIN (mean number of missing items 0.6, SD 1.7, preferred by 11%). Positive caregiving experiences were negatively associated with educational level (range −0.28 to −0.35). Only the PES correlated positively with caregiver age (r = 0.25). Conclusions All three questionnaires can be used to assess positive caregiving experiences, but the GAIN might be the most suitable questionnaire for caregivers of nursing home residents with dementia. Further research is necessary to examine generalizability of the findings. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21: 636–643.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Measuring positive caregiving experiences in family caregivers of nursing home residents: A comparison of the Positive Experiences Scale, Gain in Alzheimer Care INstrument, and Positive Aspects of Caregiving questionnaire

Smaling

Joling

Achterberg

et al. 2021

Geriatrics Gerontology Int

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“…Scienti c research has been able to show that informal caregivers (CGs) experience not only negative but also positive effects from their caregiving work [1,2]. The so-called positive aspects of caregiving (PAC) include, for example, the feeling of being needed [3], the appreciation experienced by the care-receiver [4], personal growth and maturity [5], learning new skills [6], and becoming a stronger and more resilient person in general [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of the Benefits of Being a Caregiver Scale (BBCS) – Further development of an independent characteristic of informal caregiving

Pendergrass

Weiß

Rohleder

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background Although larger amounts of scientific attention have been directed toward the concept of positive aspects of caregiving (PAC) in recent years, a globally uniform definition and a suitable, scientifically valid questionnaire for all informal caregivers have yet to be developed. On the basis of the questionnaires that already exist for measuring PAC, the authors aimed to (a) concretize the concept and (b) develop a new scale by focusing only on items that show that family caregivers experience a benefit for themselves and that the benefit they experience is the result of their caregiving activities. Methods The Benefits of Being a Caregiver Scale (BBCS) was validated on data from 961 informal caregivers and their care-receivers. Cronbach's alpha was calculated to assess the internal consistency of the items, and a factor analysis was conducted to determine the structure of the BBCS. The discriminatory power and item difficulties were examined. Construct validity was established by testing four hypotheses. Results The factor analysis confirmed the single-factor structure of the BBCS. Cronbach's alpha for the total scale was 0.922. One of the 15 items did not show good to very good discriminatory power and was excluded from the final version of the scale. A higher BBCS score was observed if the caregiver experienced more positive aspects of caregiving and tended to have better general coping skills and a positive relationship with the care-receiver. The BBCS score was not associated with the subjective burden of the caregiver. Results confirmed the validity of the BBCS. Conclusion The BBCS is a valid assessment instrument for measuring the benefits that caregivers experience from their caregiving work and can easily be used in research and practice. The BBCS is available free of charge in English and German (http://www.caregiver-benefits.de).

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Development of a character-strengths based coaching program for rural community health workers to address their work stress in Madhya Pradesh, India

et al. 2023

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While rural ‘Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs)’ delivering primary care at the village-level in India experience high levels of work stress and burnout, little is known about the potential of positive psychology interventions in helping them respond to stressful situations. We aim to describe a systematic approach to designing and developing a ‘character-strengths based’ coaching program for rural ASHAs to help reduce their work-stress and improve their delivery of routine primary care. The development of the coaching program involved: (1) formative work, (2) blueprint development, (3) content development, (4) content-testing, and focus groups discussions to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention, specifically the coaching workshop. This was followed by thematic qualitative analysis of ASHA perspectives/feedback to inform further modifications to the workshop. Intervention development occurred over 11 months, and the final coaching material consisted of a ‘content manual’ (for ASHAs) with four modules including character-strengths based ‘strategies’ to address challenges/stressors arising at health facilities, village communities and homes. Coaching material also included a workshop ‘facilitator’s manual’ having session-wise detailed instructions, a list of ‘energizers’ and plans for the coaching workshop. Consistent efforts were made to tailor the case-examples and workshop activities (e.g., roleplays, videos and reflections or discussion-based activities) to the local culture and context. This study illustrates a step-wise approach to contextually adapt the evidence-based character-strengths intervention approaches with iterative feedback from stakeholders (ASHAs), to develop a face-to-face coaching program aiming to reduce work stress, tailored to the context of a rural low-resource setting.

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The role of character strengths in predicting gains in informal caregivers of dementia

Cited by 9 publications

References 43 publications

Measuring positive caregiving experiences in family caregivers of nursing home residents: A comparison of the Positive Experiences Scale, Gain in Alzheimer Care INstrument, and Positive Aspects of Caregiving questionnaire

Measuring positive caregiving experiences in family caregivers of nursing home residents: A comparison of the Positive Experiences Scale, Gain in Alzheimer Care INstrument, and Positive Aspects of Caregiving questionnaire

Validation of the Benefits of Being a Caregiver Scale (BBCS) – Further development of an independent characteristic of informal caregiving

Development of a character-strengths based coaching program for rural community health workers to address their work stress in Madhya Pradesh, India

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