The Role of Chlamydia trachomatis in Male Infertility

Jaramillo‐Rangel, Gilberto; Gallegos‐Avila, Guadalupe; Ramos-González, Benito; Alvarez-Cuevas, Salomon; Morales-García, Andres M.; Sanchez, Ivett C. Miranda-Maldonado Jose Javier; Niderhauser‐García, Alberto; Áncer‐Rodríguez, Jesús; Ortega‐Martínez, Marta

doi:10.5772/29774

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 126 publications

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“…There was also a fourfold odds of abnormal semen parameters in male with history of mumps-ochitis. Existing data suggest that fertility is usually unaffected if orchitis occurs before puberty, but in cases of post-pubertal orchitis, the tunica albugenia forms a barrier against edema, and the subsequent rise in intra testicular pressure leads to pressure -induced testicular atrophy leading to male infertility 29 . In this study, there were eight folds odds of finding abnormal semen parameters in males with history of testicular pains.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, a past or ongoing infection in the testes and adjourning genital structures could be the link. Infections are known to have a direct damaging effect on the seminiferous tubules and vas deferens resulting in blockade [29][30][31] . Some males with huge varicocele have also reported dragging pain in the testes of the affected side 32 .The potential role of varicocele in the causation of male infertility remains controversial, with findings both in support and not in support of any causal relationships [32][33][34][35][36][37] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pattern Of Seminal Fluid Parameters And Their Clinical Correlates Amongst Infertile Men In The Niger-Delta Region Of Nigeria

M¹,

Omo‐Aghoja²,

Adeyinka³

2022

pmjg

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Background: Infertility is a foremost reproductive health problem globally, with sub-Saharan Africa nations most affected. The male contributions to this burden have not been properly documented in this environmentMethods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Central Hospital Benin City, involving 355 male partners of women with infertility. Specific clinical information was extracted and two semen analyses were conducted two weeks apart.Results: The mean duration of infertility was 4.5 years (SD 2.17), and secondary infertility was the commonest (82.3%). Over half (59.7%) were of low socioeconomic status. Over two-thirds (66.5%) had seminal fluid abnormality; and Oligospermia was thecommonest (22.8%). About two-fifth took alcohol regularly (43.9%), had previous history of urethral discharge (39.4%), or of testicular pain (42.8%). About One-fifth had a past history of mumps-orchitis (20.3%), or smoked cigarette (22.3%). Less than a tenth had varicocele (8.8%), or undescended testes (8.5%); while more than one-tenth reported use of Cimetidine (12.4%), herniorrhaphy (14.7%), scrotal surgery (15.8%), or sexual dysfunction (14.6%). There were significantly more participants with sexual dysfunction, herniorrhaphy, scrotal surgery, undescended testes; mumps orchitis; testicular pains; varicocele; history of purulent urethral discharge; tobacco smoking; alcohol consumption; and use of Cimetidine who have abnormal seminal fluid parameters. However on multivariate logistic regression analysis, history of urethral discharge, undescended testes, and Cimetidine use had negativecorrelation with abnormal semen parameters.Conclusion: The prevalence of male factor infertility in our setting was high with significant association between male infertility and wide range of clinical and psychosocial problems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern Of Seminal Fluid Parameters And Their Clinical Correlates Amongst Infertile Men In The Niger-Delta Region Of Nigeria

M¹,

Omo‐Aghoja²,

Adeyinka³

2022

pmjg

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“…Cells residing in the epithelial region just above the lens 49 equator undergo elongation and differentiation into new fiber cells con- 50 tinuously throughout whole lifespan [4]. During the differentiation pro- 51 cess, lens epithelial cells undergo dramatic morphological changes 52 including exiting from the cell cycle, proliferation inhibition, migration, 53 cell elongation, and elimination of nuclei and other organelles, accom- 54 panied by the increase in fiber-specific proteins. An elaborately orches- 55 trated balance of cell cycle progression, proliferation and differentiation 56 is necessary to maintain the unique function of the lens epithelial cells.…”

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confidence: 99%

HSF4 promotes G1/S arrest in human lens epithelial cells by stabilizing p53

Huang

et al. 2015

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research

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The differentiation from constantly dividing epithelial cells into secondary fiber cells is a key step during lens development. Failure in this process, which requires cell proliferation inhibition and cell cycle exit, causes cataract formation. HSF4 (Heat Shock Transcription Factor 4) gene mutations may lead to both congenital and senile cataract. However, how HSF4 mutations induce cataract formation remains obscure. In this study, we demonstrate that HSF4 can suppress the proliferation of human lens epithelial cells (HLECs) by promoting G1/S arrest in a p53-dependent manner. In contrast, HSF4 with cataract causative mutations fail to cause cell cycle arrest and have no obvious effect on cell proliferation. We further identify that HSF4 recruits p53 in the nucleus and promotes its transcriptional activity, leading to the expression of its target gene p21 in HLECs. HSF4, but not its cataract-causing mutants, stabilizes p53 protein and inhibits its ubiquitin degradation. Our data reveal that HSF4 may work as a switch between lens epithelial cell proliferation and secondary fiber cell differentiation, a process which mainly depends on p53. Through demonstration of this novel downstream pathway of HSF4, our results help uncover the pathogenic mechanisms caused by HSF4 mutations.

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“…Some viral STIs have also been implicated, including HPV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV (Gimenes et al, 2014). However, studies to date show conflicting results, and whether or not the effects on semen have a direct detrimental effect on fertility is still unclear (Keck et al, 1998, Eley et al, 2005b, Abusarah et al, 2013, Mackern-Oberti et al, 2013, Sellami et al, 2014 It has also been suggested that subclinical infections may activate an immune response that either destroys or hinders sperm (Gonzales et al, 2004, Eley et al, 2005b, Jaramillo-Rangel et al, 2012.…”

Section: Infertility In Menmentioning

confidence: 99%

Healthcare-seeking behaviour for sexually transmitted infection testing in New Zealand: A mixed methods study

Denison

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<p>Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a global public health problem. Sequelae for infected individuals can be serious and STIs impose a substantial financial burden on healthcare systems. Duration of infection is one factor influencing transmission rates, and is modifiable through secondary prevention methods, namely ‘test and treat’. For this approach to be effective, at-risk individuals must choose to present for testing. New Zealand provides a useful case-study to investigate healthcare-seeking behaviour for STI testing, as incidence rates of common STIs are especially high. The aims of this thesis were to quantify healthcare-seeking behaviour for STI symptoms and assess the risk of transmission in this period, to identify the barriers to STI testing, to understand the personal drivers for getting an STI test, to examine how STI knowledge is associated with testing behaviour, and finally, to collate and critically evaluate the published evidence regarding the incidence of a lesser known sequela of STI, reactive arthritis. This thesis took a mixed method approach, employing both qualitative and quantitative methods to address the research aims. The results showed that delays in healthcare-seeking for STI symptoms were common among patients attending an inner-city Sexual Health Clinic (SHC). Almost half of people with symptoms waited longer than seven days to seek healthcare, although there were no identified predictors of delayed healthcare-seeking. Around a third of people with symptoms continued to have sex after they first thought they may need to seek healthcare. Among these individuals, infrequent condom use was reported more by those who had sex with existing sexual partners than by those who had sex with new partners. Having sex while symptomatic was statistically significantly associated with delaying seeking healthcare for more than seven days (odds ratio (OR) = 3.25, 95% CI 1.225 – 8.623, p = 0.018). Analysis of qualitative interview data revealed three types of barriers to testing. These were personal (underestimating risk, perceiving STIs as not serious, fear of invasive procedure, self-consciousness in genital examination and being too busy), structural (financial cost of test and clinician attributes and attitude) and social (concern of being stigmatised). This work also revealed several drivers for testing including crisis, partners, clinicians, routines, and previous knowledge. Knowledge of the incidence, asymptomatic nature and sequelae of STIs featured prominently in the explanations of those who undertook routine testing. However, at the same time, many of the participants felt they did not have a good knowledge base and that their school-based sex education had been lacking. STI knowledge was investigated further using quantitative methodology. Levels of STI knowledge were generally good and did not differ between a Student Health Service population and an SHC population. Individuals who had tested before had significantly better knowledge than those who were attending for testing for the first time (U = 10089.500, Z = -4.684, p < 0.001). In addition, total knowledge score was an independent predictor of having had a previous test (OR = 1.436, 95% CI 1.217-1.694, p < 0.001). Reactive arthritis can be triggered by STI, thus STI screening patients who present with reactive arthritis has the potential to identify undiagnosed infection. This thesis provides the first assessment of the international literature regarding the incidence of reactive arthritis after STI. The systematic review found only three published studies which had prospectively examined the incidence of reactive arthritis after STI. The studies reported an incidence of reactive arthritis after STI of 3.0% to 8.1% and were found to be of low to moderate quality. In conclusion, this thesis provides healthcare service providers, policy makers and clinicians with data to inform practice and public health interventions aimed at improving healthcare-seeking behaviour for STI testing. It illustrates that delayed healthcare-seeking for STI symptoms is a common behaviour in New Zealand and could potentially be contributing to STI transmission and downstream burden on the health system. This work provides evidence of the drivers of STI testing that can be promoted, and the barriers that need to be removed. Specifically, improving STI knowledge may positively impact on testing rates. Lastly, this research indicates that there is a need for more studies assessing the incidence of reactive arthritis after an STI.</p>

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The Role of Chlamydia trachomatis in Male Infertility

Cited by 5 publications

References 126 publications

Pattern Of Seminal Fluid Parameters And Their Clinical Correlates Amongst Infertile Men In The Niger-Delta Region Of Nigeria

Pattern Of Seminal Fluid Parameters And Their Clinical Correlates Amongst Infertile Men In The Niger-Delta Region Of Nigeria

HSF4 promotes G1/S arrest in human lens epithelial cells by stabilizing p53

Healthcare-seeking behaviour for sexually transmitted infection testing in New Zealand: A mixed methods study

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