“…Existing research on the impact of the pandemic on alcohol consumption is mostly restricted to studying populations in the developed world, and little evidence is available in the context of developing countries. Furthermore, most of these studies finding evidence of increased alcohol consumption during the Covid-19 pandemic, for instance, Rolland et al (2020) in the context of France, Rebello et al (2021) in the context of Spain and Portugal, Oksanen et al (2021) in the context of Finland and Callinan et al (2021) in the context of Australia, emphasise psychological distress, stress and anxiety as a result of social restrictions as explanatory factors for the rising alcohol consumption. Individual characteristics, such as age, gender, occupation and education, are other factors examined in the current literature ( Glowacz and Schmits, 2020 ; Schmits and Glowacz, 2022 ).…”