The Role of Cognition When Executing an Online, Visually Evoked Adjustment to an Obstacle Circumvention Strategy

Pitman, Jenna; Vallis, Lori Ann

doi:10.1080/00222895.2021.1932713

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…[28] The few studies that have investigated the impact of dual tasking on the circumvention of moving obstacles (pedestrians or objects) in healthy young adults have found a cognitive interference, that is a deterioration in the cognitive task but no differences in the locomotor task in the dual-vs. singletask conditions. [29][30][31] In similar dual-task conditions, however, individuals with a neurological condition such as stroke typically present with mutual (cognitive-motor) interferences. [21,32] Traumatic brain injury (TBI), brain damage caused by an external mechanical force, [33] is considered a leading cause of death and disability worldwide.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…[41] Individuals with m/sTBI also struggle to divide their attention effectively between walking and a concurrent cognitive task, [37,38,42] which also seems to be dependent on locomotor and cognitive task complexity. Vallée et al (2006) 29 observed that individuals with m/sTBI, when stepping over obstacles under dual-task conditions with varying levels of complexity, demonstrated mutual cognitivelocomotor dual-task interference for the more complex condition which involved the wider obstacle and a simultaneous Stroop word task.…”

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Exploring the challenges of avoiding collisions with virtual pedestrians using a dual-task paradigm in individuals with chronic moderate to severe traumatic brain injury

Sousa,

Gagnon,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background: Individuals with a moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (m/sTBI), despite good locomotor recovery after six months post-injury, face challenges in adapting locomotion to the environment. They also present with altered cognitive functions, which may impact dual-task walking abilities. Whether they present collision avoidance strategies with moving pedestrians that are altered under dual-task conditions, however, remains unclear. This study aimed to compare between individuals with m/sTBI and age-matched control individuals: (1), the locomotor and cognitive costs associated with the concurrent performance of circumventing approaching virtual pedestrians (VRPs) while attending to an auditory-based cognitive task and; (2) gaze behaviours associated with VRP circumvention task between single and dual-task conditions. Methodology: Twelve individuals with m/sTBI (age=43.3±9.5 yrs; >6 mo. post injury) and 12 healthy controls (CTLs) (age=41.8±8.3 yrs) were assessed while walking in a virtual subway station viewed in a head-mounted display. They performed a collision avoidance task with VRPs, as well as auditory-based cognitive tasks (pitch discrimination and auditory Stroop), both under single and dual-task conditions. Dual-task cost (DTC) for onset distance of trajectory deviation, minimum distance from the VRP, maximum lateral deviation, walking speed, gaze fixations and cognitive task accuracy were contrasted between groups using generalized estimating equations. Results: In contrast to CTLs who showed locomotor DTCs only, individuals with m/sTBI displayed both locomotor and cognitive DTCs. While both groups walked slower under dual-task conditions, only individuals with m/sTBI failed to modify their onset distance of trajectory deviation and maintained smaller minimum distances and smaller maximum lateral deviation compared to single-task walking. Both groups showed shorter gaze fixations on the approaching VRP under dual-task conditions, but this reduction was less pronounced in the individuals with m/sTBI. A reduction in cognitive task accuracy under dual-task conditions was found in the m/sTBI group only. Conclusion: Individuals with m/sTBI present altered locomotor and gaze behaviours as well as cognitive performances when executing a collision avoidance task involving moving pedestrians, especially under dual-task conditions. Potential mechanisms explaining those alterations are discussed. Present findings highlight the compromised complex walking abilities in individuals with m/sTBI who otherwise present a good locomotor recovery.

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confidence: 99%