“…Regarding positive social and affective outcomes, some studies have uncovered a positive effect on participation and engagement (Haidet et al, 2014). Students participating in these types of activities and exercises have also shown higher levels of self-esteem and involvement in the classroom (Lazarowitz et al, 1994;Oh, 2020), showing how collaborative learning can promote both socialization and learning (Johnson & Johnson, 2002b;Johnson et al, 1981;Swanson et al, 2019). Scholars have uncovered similar results exploring the impact of Project-based learning on participation and engagement (Johnson & Delawsky, 2013;Shin, 2018).…”