The Role of Competition in Zooplankton Succession

DeMott, William R.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-74890-5_6

Cited by 215 publications

(155 citation statements)

References 168 publications

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“…This is an important trend in the context of freshwater trophic interactions because cyanobacteria as a group tend to be less vulnerable to grazing (Sterner 1989;Sarnelle 1993;Sarnelle 2003) and of low food quality for herbivorous zooplankton (Lampert 1987;DeMott 1989). In addition, cyanobacteria often produce toxins that can endanger public health (Chorus and Bartram 1999).…”

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confidence: 99%

Initial conditions mediate the interaction between Daphnia and bloom‐forming cyanobacteria

Sarnelle

2007

Limnology & Oceanography

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To assess whether Daphnia populations in eutrophic lakes can increase when bloom-forming cyanobacteria dominate the phytoplankton assemblage and whether such an increase can result in strong suppression of phytoplankton biomass, I created contrasting initial conditions (high Daphnia pulicaria, low cyanobacteria vs. low D. pulicaria, high cyanobacteria) via fish manipulation in large enclosures, then removed fish from some enclosures and subsequently monitored zooplankton and phytoplankton abundance for 48 days. After being released from fish predation, D. pulicaria was apparently able to reduce cyanobacteria and total phytoplankton biomass to very low levels despite the fact that the phytoplankton assemblage was initially composed of about 90% Microcystis aeruginosa, a species that has inhibited Daphnia growth and reproduction in many laboratory studies. Thus, it appears possible for Daphnia to graze down an established bloom of cyanobacteria. In contrast, in enclosures where fish were never present, M. aeruginosa was eventually able to increase from low levels despite initially high D. pulicaria biomass. As a result, the apparent effect of D. pulicaria on M. aeruginosa at the end of the experiment was very different across enclosures with different initial conditions.

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confidence: 99%

Initial conditions mediate the interaction between Daphnia and bloom‐forming cyanobacteria

Sarnelle

2007

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…The reaction norm of many proto-and metazoa has been studied in detail in response to each of these factors independently (see DeMott 1989;Montagnes 1996;Moore et al 1996;Weisse and Montagnes 1998). Recently, interest in long-term temperature effects has been renewed because of concerns regarding global warming (Moore et al 1996;Mitchell and Lampert 2000;Giebelhausen and Lampert 2001).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…However, food levels that support growth at low temperatures might be inadequate at high temperatures (Muck and Lampert 1984;Orcutt and Porter 1984;DeMott 1989). Thus, interaction between increased temperature and food…”

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confidence: 99%

Interactive effect of temperature and food concentration on growth rate: A test case using the small freshwater ciliate Urotricha farcta

Weisse

Štádler

Lindström

et al. 2002

Limnology & Oceanography

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The combined effect of temperature and food concentration on the growth rate, cell volume, and production of the freshwater ciliate Urotricha farcta was investigated in laboratory batch cultures. Experimental temperatures ranged from 9 to 25ЊC and food levels ranged from 0.1 to 4.4 g C ml Ϫ1. The ciliates were fed the small cryptophyte Cryptomonas sp. The combined effect of temperature and food on growth and cell volume resulted in negative production rates at high temperatures and low to moderate food supply. Three main changes were observed in the shape of the numerical response (growth vs. food concentration) of U. farcta with temperature: change in the threshold level, where population net growth rates are zero; change in the initial slope of the numerical response curve; and change in maximum growth rate ( max ). The threshold food concentration and max were shifted up at the highest temperatures. The threshold level was also higher at the lowest experimental temperature. The initial slope of the numerical response curve was several-fold lower at both high and low temperatures. The analysis suggests that temperature altered the numerical response so that the species shifted from being adapted to low food concentrations at moderate temperatures to requiring, and potentially thriving at, high food concentrations at the temperature extremes. These findings support and extend conclusions previously obtained for metazooplankton and indicate that changes as small as 3ЊC could alter the role of protozoa in planktonic food webs.

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“…Regarding the low variability in C. pulchella density throughout the study, even during the cyanobacteria dominance, it seems that this species was also not affected by cyanobacteria, particularly by the filamentous species A. flos-aquae. Besides the small size of C. Pulchella that limits the ingestability of large filaments, this fact could be also related to its diversified diet, particularly with the efficient consumption of bacteria when the edible algal items are limited (DeMott, 1989). Moreover, C. pulchella population showed a stronger relationship between weight and size, reinforcing the idea that the low quality of phytoplanktonic food did not play an important role on its fitness (Duncan, 1985).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Short-term dynamics of cladocerans in a eutrophic shallow lake during a shift in the phytoplankton dominance

Abrantes

Nogueira

Gonçalves

2009

Ann. Limnol. - Int. J. Lim.

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-The changes in the dynamics of cladocerans in Lake Vela (Portugal), as well as the morphologic and life history traits of the small-bodied cladoceran Ceriodaphnia pulchella, were studied intensively during one month characterized by deep and fast changes in the phytoplankton community: the beginning of the cyanobacteria dominance. Lake Vela, located in the Mediterranean region, is a polymictic shallow lake exhibiting characteristics typical of an advanced trophic status, namely the permanently turbid water, the reduction in biodiversity and the occurrence of cyanobacteria blooms. The density and composition of the cladocerans populations varied considerably during the short-term period analyzed. Coincident with the increase of cyanobacteria, the density of Daphnia longispina decreased drastically, associated with an increase of Bosmina longirostris and Chydorus sp. The constant density of C. pulchella, even during the cyanobacteria dominance, and the strong relationship found between weight and size, suggests that the low quality of phytoplanktonic food in Lake Vela did not play an important role in its fitness. Besides the small size of C. pulchella, this fact could be also related to its diversified diet. Nevertheless, a closer examination of the life history parameters of C. pulchella revealed a reduction in the fecundity, size at first reproduction, mean size of ovigerous females and maximum size of the population, which suggest an increase of the fish pressure after the decline of Daphnia. C. pulchella showed also a short-life cycle and a fast turnover of individuals, which constitutes also an advantage, allowing a fast adaptive response of the population.

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The Role of Competition in Zooplankton Succession

Cited by 215 publications

References 168 publications

Initial conditions mediate the interaction between Daphnia and bloom‐forming cyanobacteria

Initial conditions mediate the interaction between Daphnia and bloom‐forming cyanobacteria

Interactive effect of temperature and food concentration on growth rate: A test case using the small freshwater ciliate Urotricha farcta

Short-term dynamics of cladocerans in a eutrophic shallow lake during a shift in the phytoplankton dominance

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