The role of complex interactions between the intestinal flora and host in regulating intestinal homeostasis and inflammatory bowel disease

Li, Siyu; Xu, Ke; Cheng, Yi; Chen, Lu; Yi, Ailin; Xiao, Zhifeng; Xin, Zhao; Chen, Minjia; Tian, Yuting; Wang, Meng; Tang, Zesheng; Zhou, Shuhong; Ruan, Guangcong; Wei, Yanling

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1188455

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 265 publications

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“…The gut microbiota is a dense microbial community continuously exposed to the gastrointestinal tract. The composition and role of the gut microbiota has been studied for decades, with a widespread belief it plays an important role in host homeostasis maintenance ( 60 ). The gut microbiota directly affects host nutrient absorption and the immune system, with interrelationships maintaining balanced stability in the intestine.…”

Section: New Research Frontiers Of Pyroptosis In Intestinal Inflammat...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyroptosis: a new insight into intestinal inflammation and cancer

Chao,

Zhang,

Feng

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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Pyroptosis is an innate immune response triggered by the activation of inflammasomes by various influencing factors, characterized by cell destruction. It impacts the immune system and cancer immunotherapy. In recent years, the roles of pyroptosis and inflammasomes in intestinal inflammation and cancer have been continuously confirmed. This article reviews the latest progress in pyroptosis mechanisms, new discoveries of inflammasomes, mutual regulation between inflammasomes, and their applications in intestinal diseases. Additionally, potential synergistic treatment mechanisms of intestinal diseases with pyroptosis are summarized, and challenges and future directions are discussed, providing new ideas for pyroptosis therapy.

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Section: New Research Frontiers Of Pyroptosis In Intestinal Inflammat...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyroptosis: a new insight into intestinal inflammation and cancer

Chao,

Zhang,

Feng

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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“…Alterations in the gut microbiota are believed to play a pivotal role in the onset, progression, and severity of the disease. Transferring dysregulated IBD-associated microbiota to healthy mice has been shown to induce intestinal inflammation (70)(71)(72). Bacteriophages are considered a part of the gut microbiome and may influence bacterial community structure in various clinical settings.…”

Section: Role Of Bacteriophages In Ibdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances and optimization strategies in bacteriophage therapy for treating inflammatory bowel disease

Li,

Duan

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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In the advancement of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) treatment, existing therapeutic methods exhibit limitations; they do not offer a complete cure for IBD and can trigger adverse side effects. Consequently, the exploration of novel therapies and multifaceted treatment strategies provides patients with a broader range of options. Within the framework of IBD, gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in disease onset through diverse mechanisms. Bacteriophages, as natural microbial regulators, demonstrate remarkable specificity by accurately identifying and eliminating specific pathogens, thus holding therapeutic promise. Although clinical trials have affirmed the safety of phage therapy, its efficacy is prone to external influences during storage and transport, which may affect its infectivity and regulatory roles within the microbiota. Improving the stability and precise dosage control of bacteriophages—ensuring robustness in storage and transport, consistent dosing, and targeted delivery to infection sites—is crucial. This review thoroughly explores the latest developments in IBD treatment and its inherent challenges, focusing on the interaction between the microbiota and bacteriophages. It highlights bacteriophages’ potential as microbiome modulators in IBD treatment, offering detailed insights into research on bacteriophage encapsulation and targeted delivery mechanisms. Particular attention is paid to the functionality of various carrier systems, especially regarding their protective properties and ability for colon-specific delivery. This review aims to provide a theoretical foundation for using bacteriophages as microbiome modulators in IBD treatment, paving the way for enhanced regulation of the intestinal microbiota.

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“…Diet can modulate the symptoms of IBD both in a direct and indirect manner, for example, through the modulation of GM [28]. Moreover, bacterial metabolites may modulate pro-and anti-inflammatory pathways [29]. IBD patients develop weight loss, sarcopenia, malnutrition, and obesity [30].…”

Section: Genetic Immune and Environmental Factors In Inflammatory Bow...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, and Cancer: The Role of Guardians of Innate Immunity

Giambra,

Pagliari,

Rio

et al. 2023

Cells

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Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are characterized by a persistent low-grade inflammation that leads to an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) development. Several factors are implicated in this pathogenetic pathway, such as innate and adaptive immunity, gut microbiota, environment, and xenobiotics. At the gut mucosa level, a complex interplay between the immune system and gut microbiota occurs; a disequilibrium between these two factors leads to an alteration in the gut permeability, called ‘leaky gut’. Subsequently, an activation of several inflammatory pathways and an alteration of gut microbiota composition with a proliferation of pro-inflammatory bacteria, known as ‘pathobionts’, take place, leading to a further increase in inflammation. This narrative review provides an overview on the principal Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs), including Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and NOD-like receptors (NLRs), focusing on their recognition mechanisms, signaling pathways, and contributions to immune responses. We also report the genetic polymorphisms of TLRs and dysregulation of NLR signaling pathways that can influence immune regulation and contribute to the development and progression of inflammatory disease and cancer.

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The role of complex interactions between the intestinal flora and host in regulating intestinal homeostasis and inflammatory bowel disease

Cited by 8 publications

References 265 publications

Pyroptosis: a new insight into intestinal inflammation and cancer

Pyroptosis: a new insight into intestinal inflammation and cancer

Advances and optimization strategies in bacteriophage therapy for treating inflammatory bowel disease

Gut Microbiota, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, and Cancer: The Role of Guardians of Innate Immunity

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