The role of coping in the relationship between perceived racism and racism-related stress for Asian Americans: Gender differences.

Abstract

On the basis of stress and coping theory, the authors examined coping as a mediator of the relationship between perceptions of racism and racism-related stress with a sample of Asian American college students (N ϭ 336). Results indicated that coping mediated the relationship between racism and racism-related stress differentially by gender. The more that men perceived racism, the more likely they were to use support-seeking coping strategies that were associated with higher levels of racism-related stress. The more that women perceived racism, the more they used active coping strategies that were associated with higher levels of racism-related stress. The findings demonstrate how coping with racism differs for Asian Americans on the basis of gender.

Relationship between perceived discrimination and loneliness among transgender: Mediating role of coping mechanism

“…Previous research support our hypotheses accepted hypotheses studies examined coping as mediators. Liang, Alvarez, Juang, & Liang, (2007) found that coping was a mediator that was positively associated with poor mental health. Alvarez and Juang (2010) found that coping was negatively associated with psychological distress.…”

“…Coping is an adoptive function which effort to minimize problems with self and with social relations and deal with conflicts (Weiten & Lloyd, 2008). Liang, Alvarez, Juang, and Liang, (2007) found that coping work as mediator between perception of discrimination and mental health is also positively related with stress. Alvarez and Juang (2010) study demonstrated that coping strategies mediate between the relationships of discrimination decline of mental health Relationship between perceived discrimination and loneliness among transgender…”

The Relationship Between Critical Ethnic Awareness and Racial Discrimination: Multiple Indirect Effects of Coping Strategies Among Asian Americans

“…This perspective is consistent with the conceptualization of racism as a chronic stressor (Clark, Anderson, Clark, & Williams, 1999), and is based on Lazarus and Folkman's (1984) stress-coping process, in which coping is theorized to act as a mediator. For example, Liang et al (2007) found that among Asian American men, perceived racism (used interchangeably with RDEs in this study) was associated with racismrelated stress through the use of support-seeking (i.e., engagement) coping, whereas the relationship between perceived racism and racism-related stress was mediated by the use of active (i.e., engagement) coping among Asian American women. Alvarez and Juang (2010) found that for Filipino American men, active coping was negatively associated with psychological distress, whereas support-seeking and avoidance coping were positively associated with psychological distress.…”

“…In contrast, studies that examined coping as a mediator (e.g., Alvarez & Juang, 2010;Liang et al, 2007) considered the stress-coping theoretical framework; the choice of coping strategy was contingent on the nature of the stressor, and the mental health outcome was dependent on the effectiveness of coping. This perspective is consistent with the conceptualization of racism as a chronic stressor (Clark, Anderson, Clark, & Williams, 1999), and is based on Lazarus and Folkman's (1984) stress-coping process, in which coping is theorized to act as a mediator.…”

“…Most of these studies have examined coping as a moderator (e.g., Liang, Alvarez, Juang, & Liang, 2007;Noh & Kaspar, 2003;Wei, Ku, Russell, & Mallinckrodt, 2008;Yoo & Lee, 2005) and involved exploring when or for whom coping becomes effective (Frazier, Tix, & Barron, 2004). This method assumes that coping exists independently of a type of stressor and its relationship to mental health outcomes and is essentially interested in discovering under which conditional context or dispositions the coping becomes effective.…”