The role of coupled resistance–compliance in upper tracheobronchial airways under high frequency oscillatory ventilation

Alzahrany, Mohammed; Banerjee, Arindam; Salzman, Gary

doi:10.1016/j.medengphy.2014.08.012

Cited by 13 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The numerical code was able to quantitatively and qualitatively capture the pendelluft flow in the bifurcated model, and the results were in agreement with experimental data. For more details and discussion the reader is referred to our previous work (Alzahrany and Banerjee, 2015a;Alzahrany et al, 2014b). The measurements of the particle deposition by (C. S. Kim and Garcia, 1991) and (C. S. Kim and Iglesias, 1989) in a cyclic inlet flow with Re of 1500 and 4000 and constant flow, respectively, were used to validate the particle tracking code.…”

Section: Breathing and Boundary Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pendelluft Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The heterogeneity of the time constant ( CR = τ , where R and C are the resistance and compliance, respectively) causes the flow to alternate between the units at the end of inspiration/expiration phases (Alzahrany et al, 2014b;Otis et al, 1956). In our previous work, using coupled resistance-compliance boundary conditions (Alzahrany et al, 2014b), the pendelluft flow in different lung regions was captured and characterized in terms of pendelluft intensity as a pendelluft volume percent (V P ). For any unit consisting of a mother tube that bifurcated into two branches (daughter tubes), V P is defined as the ratio of the volume exchanged between daughter branches during pendelluft time-period to the total volume delivered to the unit in one cycle (Alzahrany et al, 2014b).…”

Section: Pendelluft Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our previous work, using coupled resistance-compliance boundary conditions (Alzahrany et al, 2014b), the pendelluft flow in different lung regions was captured and characterized in terms of pendelluft intensity as a pendelluft volume percent (V P ). For any unit consisting of a mother tube that bifurcated into two branches (daughter tubes), V P is defined as the ratio of the volume exchanged between daughter branches during pendelluft time-period to the total volume delivered to the unit in one cycle (Alzahrany et al, 2014b). The results of the pendelluft flow for different carrier gases in the present study were obtained and compared in terms of the pendelluft volume ratio (V ratio ) in Fig.…”

Section: Pendelluft Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent study by the authors derived and used physiological time-dependent pressure outlet boundary conditions based on coupled airways resistance-compliance at the truncated level of the tracheobronchial tree has successfully captured the important gas transport mechanisms under HFOV parameters (Alzahrany et al, 2014b). In particular, the pendelluft flow mechanism was captured in different lung regions, and the pendelluft intensity was successfully quantified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of carrier gases in enhancement of gas exchange and aerosol–drug delivery under invasive high frequency oscillatory ventilation

Alzahrany

Banerjee

2015

Journal of Aerosol Science

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Section: Breathing and Boundary Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pendelluft Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pendelluft Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pendelluft Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of carrier gases in enhancement of gas exchange and aerosol–drug delivery under invasive high frequency oscillatory ventilation

Alzahrany

Banerjee

2015

Journal of Aerosol Science

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A compartment–quasi‐3D multiscale approach for drug absorption, transport, and retention in the human lungs

Kannan

Singh

Przekwas

2018

Numer Methods Biomed Eng

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Most current models used for modeling the pulmonary drug absorption, transport, and retention are 0D compartmental models where the airways are generally split into the airways and alveolar sections. Such block models deliver low fidelity solutions and the spatial lung drug concentrations cannot be obtained. Other approaches use high fidelity CFD models with limited capabilities due to their exorbitant computational cost. Recently, we presented a novel, fast-running and robust quasi-3D (Q3D) model for modeling the pulmonary airflow. This Q3D method preserved the 3D lung geometry, delivered extremely accurate solutions, and was 25 000 times faster in comparison to the CFD methods. In this paper, we present a Q3D-compartment multiscale combination to model the pulmonary drug absorption, transport, and retention. The initial deposition is obtained from CFD simulations. The lung absorption compartment model of Yu and Rosania is adapted to this multiscale format. The lung is modeled in the Q3D format till the eighth airway generation. The remainder of the lung along with the systemic circulation and elimination processes was modeled using compartments. The Q3D model is further adapted, by allowing for various heterogeneous annular lung layers. This allows us to model the drug transport across the layers and along the lung. Using this multiscale model, the spatiotemporal drug concentrations in the different lung layers and the temporal concentration in the plasma are obtained. The concentration profile in the plasma was found to be better aligned with the experimental findings in comparison with compartmental model for the standard test cases. Thus, this multiscale model can be used to optimize the target-specific drug delivery and increase the localized bioavailability, thereby facilitating applications from the bench to bedside for various patient/lung-disease variations.

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Fluid dynamic assessment of positive end-expiratory pressure in a tracheostomy tube connector during respiration

Kageyama

Takeishi

Taenaka

et al. 2022

Med Biol Eng Comput

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High-flow oxygen therapy using a tracheostomy tube is a promising clinical approach to reduce the work of breathing in tracheostomized patients. Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is usually applied during oxygen inflow to improve oxygenation by preventing end-expiratory lung collapse. However, much is still unknown about the geometrical effects of PEEP, especially regarding tracheostomy tube connectors (or adapters). Quantifying the degree of end-expiratory pressure (EEP) that takes patient-specific spirometry into account would be useful in this regard, but no such framework has been established yet. Thus, a platform to assess PEEP under respiration was developed, wherein three-dimensional simulation of airflow in a tracheostomy tube connector is coupled with a lumped lung model. The numerical model successfully reflected the magnitude of EEP measured experimentally using a lung phantom. Numerical simulations were further performed to quantify the effects of geometrical parameters on PEEP, such as inlet angles and rate of stenosis in the connector. Although sharp inlet angles increased the magnitude of EEP, they cannot be expected to achieve clinically reasonable PEEP. On the other hand, geometrical constriction in the connector can potentially result in PEEP as obtained with conventional nasal cannulae. Graphical abstract

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The role of coupled resistance–compliance in upper tracheobronchial airways under high frequency oscillatory ventilation

Cited by 13 publications

References 27 publications

Role of carrier gases in enhancement of gas exchange and aerosol–drug delivery under invasive high frequency oscillatory ventilation

Role of carrier gases in enhancement of gas exchange and aerosol–drug delivery under invasive high frequency oscillatory ventilation

A compartment–quasi‐3D multiscale approach for drug absorption, transport, and retention in the human lungs

Fluid dynamic assessment of positive end-expiratory pressure in a tracheostomy tube connector during respiration

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