Objective: To study the role of cross-link in the treatment of thoracolumbar burst fractures (TLBF) with pedicle screw fixation at fracture vertebrae (PFFV), and to study the optimal placement of cross-link.
Methods: The thoracolumbar model of healthy volunteers was constructed by finite element analysis (FEA), and the TLBF model was established by osteotomy. The internal fixation methods of Through spinous process cross-link (ESPC), Excision spinous process cross-link (TSPC), and No cross-link (NC) were constructed, and three spinal models after internal fixation were removed after recovery also established. The displacement and range of motion (ROM) and the equivalent stress of pedicle screw and connecting rod were measured by simulating daily motions. Two independent sample t-test was used to compare the difference in displacement and ROM.
Results: The displacement and ROM of TSPC were the smallest, followed by ESPC, and NC was the largest. The displacement and ROM of TSPC were 20 % -30 % lower than NC in different motions, and those of ESPC were 10 % -20 % lower than NC in different motions. ESPC reduced the equivalent stress of pedicle screw of the vertebrae adjacent to the fracture vertebrae and increased the stress of connecting rod. After internal fixation was removed, the displacement and ROM of the excision spinous process spine in flexion and extension were greater than those of the intact spine.
Conclusion: Internal fixation with TSPC had higher stability and safety, and should be used in the treatment of TLBF with pedicle screw fixed at fracture vertebrae.