The role of depositional regime on carbon transport and preservation in Arctic Ocean sediments

Belicka, Laura L.; Macdonald, Robie W.; Yunker, Mark B.; Harvey, H. Rodger

doi:10.1016/j.marchem.2003.12.006

Cited by 78 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Regardless of the compound series, the percentage of organic carbon preserved in the sediments decreased from the nearshore to offshore sites. Our estimates of the allochthonous carbon content are low compared to other studies conducted 5-20 yr earlier and using the same (Belicka et al, 2004) or different approaches. The latter ones reported values mostly > 50 % (Magen et al, 2010;Macdonald et al, 1998;Goñi et al, 2000), some of them distinguishing between the fossil (40-70 %) and the vascular C3 plant (< 30 %) contribution (Drenzek et al, 2007;Goñi et al, 2005).…”

Section: Estimation Of Allochthonous Organic Carbon Content In Sedimentscontrasting

confidence: 84%

“…Using the wax n-alkanes, 30 to 37 % of the organic carbon is of terrestrial origin in the inner shelf sediments (sites 690 and 390), and 20 to 27 % in the sediments from the outer shelf, Amundsen Gulf and slope. These values are much lower than those estimated in 1987 using the same approach where inner shelf and slope sediments contained 99 % and 62 % of terrestrial carbon, respectively (Belicka et al, 2004). Even when using other C 3 terrestrial biomarkers (Table 13), mean values in the inner shelf were 30-35 % (sitosterol excluded at 390) and between 15 and 25 % at the other sites.…”

Section: Estimation Of Allochthonous Organic Carbon Content In Sedimentsmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…Higher terrestrial plants are dominated by the longchain (C 25 -C 33 ) n-alkanes, lower terrestrial plants by the medium-chain (C 23 -C 25 ) n-alkanes and aquatic algae by the short-chain n-alkanes (C 17 -C 21 ) Baas et al, 2000). Other biogenic hydrocarbons include the polyunsaturated straight-chain alkenes, n-C 21:6 and related isomers (n-C 21:5 , n-C 21:4 ) derived from autotrophic marine and freshwater plankton , the C 25 monounsaturated hydrocarbon (IP 25 ) used as a sea ice algae proxy (Belt et al, 2007) and retene, a diagenetic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) from higher plants (Simoneit, 1977). In contrast to these biogenic sources, petroleum sources usually show a wide distribution range of n-alkanes with no predominance of odd or even carbon numbers.…”

Section: Background On Lipid Biomarker Originsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The C 25 monounsaturated hydrocarbon (IP 25 ) from sea ice diatoms (Belt et al, 2007) was found in all sediment samples with concentrations ranging from 44 to 235 ng g −1 , the highest concentration being measured at site 390 of the east and the lowest at site 690 off the west river mouth.…”

Section: Hydrocarbonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies from the 1980s have partially characterized the Mackenzie-Beaufort sea system using specific molecular compounds (Yunker et al, 1995(Yunker et al, , 2002(Yunker et al, , 2011Belicka et al, 2004;Goñi et al, 2000Goñi et al, , 2005Drenzek et al, 2007). In particular, these studies all reported data on lipid biomarkers, which are well suited to evaluate the supply of terrigenous organic matter (Bouloubassi et al, 1997;Saliot et al, 2002), but only a few have combined these analyses with compound-specific isotope determinations (Drenzek et al, 2007;Goñi et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon sources in suspended particles and surface sediments from the Beaufort Sea revealed by molecular lipid biomarkers and compound-specific isotope analysis

et al. 2013

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Molecular lipid biomarkers (hydrocarbons, alcohols, sterols and fatty acids) and compound-specific isotope analysis of suspended particulate organic matter (SPM) and surface sediments of the Mackenzie Shelf and slope (southeast Beaufort Sea, Arctic Ocean) were studied in summer 2009. The concentrations of the molecular lipid markers, characteristic of known organic matter sources, were grouped and used as proxies to evaluate the relative importance of fresh algal, detrital algal, fossil, C₃ terrestrial plants, bacterial and zooplankton material in the organic matter (OM) of this area. Fossil and detrital algal contributions were the major fractions of the freshwater SPM from the Mackenzie River with ~34% each of the total molecular biomarkers. Fresh algal, C₃ terrestrial, bacterial and zooplanktonic components represented much lower percentages, 17, 10, 4 and <1%, respectively. In marine SPM from the Mackenzie slope, the major contributions were fresh and detrital algal components (>80%), with a minor contribution of fossil and C₃ terrestrial biomarkers. Characterization of the sediments revealed a major sink of refractory algal material mixed with some fresh algal material, fossil hydrocarbons and a small input of C₃ terrestrial sources. In particular, the sediments from the shelf and at the mouth of the Amundsen Gulf presented the highest contribution of detrital algal material (60–75%), whereas those from the slope contained the highest proportion of fossil (40%) and C₃ terrestrial plant material (10%). Overall, considering that the detrital algal material is marine derived, autochthonous sources contributed more than allochthonous sources to the OM lipid pool. Using the ratio of an allochthonous biomarker (normalized to total organic carbon, TOC) found in the sediments to those measured at the river mouth water, we estimated that the fraction of terrestrial material preserved in the sediments accounted for 30–40% of the total carbon in the inner shelf sediments, 17% in the outer shelf and Amundsen Gulf and up to 25% in the slope sediments. These estimates are low compared to other studies conducted 5–20 yr earlier, and they support the increase in primary production during the last decade mainly because of the increase in the number of ice-free days and due to the strength and persistence of winds favouring upwelling

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Section: Estimation Of Allochthonous Organic Carbon Content In Sedimentscontrasting

confidence: 84%

Section: Estimation Of Allochthonous Organic Carbon Content In Sedimentsmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Background On Lipid Biomarker Originsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hydrocarbonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon sources in suspended particles and surface sediments from the Beaufort Sea revealed by molecular lipid biomarkers and compound-specific isotope analysis

et al. 2013

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Gammaproteobacteria as a Possible Source of Eicosapentaenoic Acid in Anoxic Intertidal Sediments

et al. 2008

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Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; n-20:5omega3) was found to be a constituent of phospholipids in three mesophilic strains of Gammaproteobacteria, which were isolated from anoxic most probable number series prepared with sediments from an intertidal flat of the German North Sea coast. Their partial 16S rRNA gene sequences identified the isolates as close relatives of Shewanella colwelliana, Vibrio splendidus, and Photobacterium lipolyticum. So far, eicosapentaenoic acid has mainly been reported to occur in eukaryotes and some piezophilic or psychrophilic bacteria. With decreasing temperature, relative contents of EPA (up to 14% of total fatty acids) increased in all strains. Additionally, Shewanella and Vibrio spp. showed a significant increase in monounsaturated fatty acids with lower growth temperature. Analysis of the phospholipid compositions revealed that EPA was present in all three major phospholipid types, namely, phosphatidyl glycerol (PG), cardiolipin and phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PE). However, EPA was enriched in PG and cardiolipin relative to PE. In the tidal flat sediments from which the isolates were obtained, substantial amounts of EPA-containing PG were detected, whereas other typical microeukaryotic phospholipids-being also a possible source of EPA-were abundant at the sediment surface but were present in clearly lower amounts in the anoxic layers beneath 5 cm depth. Therefore, the EPA-containing PG species in the deeper layers in these sediments may indicate the presence of Gammaproteobacteria closely related to the isolates. These bacteria appear to be an important source of EPA in buried, anoxic sediments beneath the layers harboring significant populations of benthic eukaryotes.

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Manganese Sources and Sinks in the Arctic Ocean with Reference to Periodic Enrichments in Basin Sediments

Macdonald

Gobeil

2011

Aquat Geochem

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The role of depositional regime on carbon transport and preservation in Arctic Ocean sediments

Cited by 78 publications

References 61 publications

Carbon sources in suspended particles and surface sediments from the Beaufort Sea revealed by molecular lipid biomarkers and compound-specific isotope analysis

Carbon sources in suspended particles and surface sediments from the Beaufort Sea revealed by molecular lipid biomarkers and compound-specific isotope analysis

Gammaproteobacteria as a Possible Source of Eicosapentaenoic Acid in Anoxic Intertidal Sediments

Manganese Sources and Sinks in the Arctic Ocean with Reference to Periodic Enrichments in Basin Sediments

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