The Role of Direct Air Capture in Mitigation of Anthropogenic Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Beuttler, Christoph; Charles, Louise; Wurzbacher, Jan Andre

doi:10.3389/fclim.2019.00010

Cited by 196 publications

(149 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Therefore, currently DAC and IOC are gaining attention (Table (3)). For achieving climate targets, CO 2 removal within a gigaton order of magnitude is needed [202,203]. -7 kJ mol −1 CO 2 for 13% flue gas [206] • >58% of total emission, see Figure (1 -5<T<35°C, p CO 2~0 .072 atm (~2.5mM DIC) -Same thermodynamically required energy as DAC [199] • <42% of total emission, see Figure (1) • Current DAC capture shown in Table (3), but no large scale IOC, yet [209] Climeworks [212,213] (Amine based) adsorption + thermal swing regeneration 900…”

Section: Combining Electrochemical Methods With Conventional Capturementioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical carbon dioxide capture to close the carbon cycle

Sharifian

Wagterveld²,

Digdaya

et al. 2021

Energy Environ. Sci.

306

196

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Section: Combining Electrochemical Methods With Conventional Capturementioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical carbon dioxide capture to close the carbon cycle

Sharifian

Wagterveld²,

Digdaya

et al. 2021

Energy Environ. Sci.

306

196

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“…Some DACC approaches rely for the most part on low-temperature heat (80-120°C; Beuttler et al, 2019), which can to a limited degree be sourced as waste-heat from industrial facilities (Ammar et al, 2012). Costs for the capture process are presently high (several hundred US$ per tCO 2 ), but they could come down significantly (Sinha et al, 2017), by some estimates to US$100 by 2030 (Beuttler et al, 2019) in addition to the costs of geological storage (estimated at US$8-20 per tCO2; Skagestad et al, 2015). Costs and energy requirements likely dominate possible implications for the SDGs and could severely limit CDR potential of DACCS.…”

Section: Direct Air Carbon Capture and Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Water requirements of CCS could be problematic, yet some DAC pathways capture water from air, offering it as coproduct. (Beuttler et al, 2019;ICEF, 2018;IPCC, 2005). .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Potential implications of carbon dioxide removal for the sustainable development goals

2020

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As the international community's best expression of a collective vision of a desirable future, the 2015 UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) present a framework against which to assess the broader impact of emerging technologies. Implications of technologies and practices for removing CO 2 from the atmosphere (CDR) are not fully understood and have not yet been mapped against the full range of SDGs. CDR is widely seen as necessary to achieve the Paris Agreement's global goal of limiting warming to 1.5-2°C, yet local geographical, socioeconomic , and political interdependencies are often overlooked. This review synthesizes the best available understandings of potential implications of CDR options aiming to complement emissions reductions. It seeks to identify effects on and interactions between specific social, environmental, and policy environments, in which various CDR options could be pursued. Climate change mitigation and co-benefits from CDR could significantly benefit SDGs, yet poorly designed CDR policies could also challenge SDGs. Specific CDR options could generate conflicts over land, water, biomass, or electric power resources, and exclude communities from policy benefits with negative cascading effects for a range of SDGs. In the literature, implications of CDR activities on sustainable development are derived from current pilot activities, inferred from similar practices already operational or model outputs regarding land, energy, or material requirements. Important gaps remain. We identify questions for further disciplinary and inter-or transdisciplinary work strengthening understanding of how CDR could either support or threaten the achievement of the SDGs. Key policy insights. CO 2 removal (CDR) appears essential for limiting warming to well below 2°C; such stabilization of global climate is a precondition for at least partially achieving the SDGs.. CDR options can generate positive and negative local/regional impacts on various SDGs via physical, social, economic, and political channels. None of these options are universally 'good' or 'bad'.. The scale of implementation of CDR and related impacts are highly dependent on policy design and national planning processes.. More research is needed to clarify how policy design can allow CDR options to generate synergies between, and prevent harm across, multiple SDGs.

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“…Although changing land management to store soil carbon and afforestation to store vegetation carbon is effective, it has a limited capacity due to land availability and also reaches saturation, but it is reversible. This leaves a direct air capture (DAC) through physical and chemical devices which exists as prototype technology but require ∼2,000 kWh or electrical and thermal energy per ton of CO 2 captured (Buettler et al, 2019) and bioenergy carbon capture and storage (BECCS). BECCS is a combination of existing technologies and essentially captures carbon from the atmosphere by photosynthesis, burns the biomass for energy, and captures the resulting CO 2 (Albanito et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introduction a Net Zero Worldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Achieving Net Zero Emissions Requires the Knowledge and Skills of the Oil and Gas Industry

Hastings

Smith

2020

Front. Clim.

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The challenge facing society in the 21st century is to improve the quality of life for all citizens in an egalitarian way, providing sufficient food, shelter, energy, and other resources for a healthy meaningful life, while at the same time decarbonizing anthropogenic activity to provide a safe global climate, limiting temperature rise to well-below 2°C with the aim of limiting the temperature increase to no more than 1.5°C. To do this, the world must achieve net zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2050. Currently spreading wealth and health across the globe is dependent on growing the GDP of all countries, driven by the use of energy, which until recently has mostly been derived from fossil fuel. Recently, some countries have decoupled their GDP growth and greenhouse gas emissions through a rapid increase in low carbon energy generation. Considering the current level of energy consumption and projected implementation rates of low carbon energy production, a considerable quantity of fossil fuels is projected to be used to fill the gap, and to avoid emissions of GHG and close the gap between the 1.5°C carbon budget and projected emissions, carbon capture and storage (CCS) on an industrial scale will be required. In addition, the IPCC estimate that large-scale GHG removal from the atmosphere is required to limit warming to below 2°C using technologies such as Bioenergy CCS and direct carbon capture with CCS to achieve climate safety. In this paper, we estimate the amount of carbon dioxide that will have to be captured and stored, the storage volume, technology, and infrastructure required to achieve the energy consumption projections with net zero GHG emissions by 2050. We conclude that the oil and gas production industry alone has the geological and engineering expertise and global reach to find the geological storage structures and build the facilities, pipelines, and wells required. Here, we consider why and how oil and gas companies will need to morph from hydrocarbon production enterprises into net zero emission energy and carbon dioxide storage enterprises, decommission facilities only after CCS, and thus be economically sustainable businesses in the long term, by diversifying in and developing this new industry.

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The Role of Direct Air Capture in Mitigation of Anthropogenic Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Cited by 196 publications

References 19 publications

Electrochemical carbon dioxide capture to close the carbon cycle

Electrochemical carbon dioxide capture to close the carbon cycle

Potential implications of carbon dioxide removal for the sustainable development goals

Achieving Net Zero Emissions Requires the Knowledge and Skills of the Oil and Gas Industry

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