“…Some of the studies found that FDI encourages a firm's or country's innovation capacity, as seen in Ustalar and Sanlisoy [65], Nyeadi and Adjasi [52], Ismail [66], Dhrifi [58], Erdal and Gocer [59], Zhang [60], Girma et al [51], Zeng and Zhou [12], Kemeny [61], Wang et al [53], Osano and Koine [57], Shamsub [67], Khachoo and Sharma [54], Sivalogathasan and Wu [54], Keller and Yeaple [55], Caves [47], Globerman [68], Blomstrom and Persson [69], and Javorick [46], while others revealed FDI has negligible or insignificant effects on innovation. These include Garcia et al [56], Chen [63], Aitken and Harrison [70], Haddad and Harisson [71], Djankov and Hoekman [72], Sasidharan [73], Qu and Wei [74], Dunning and Lundan [48], and Mohamed et al [64]. Table 1 shows the firm/industry-level studies, and Table 2 presents country-level studies.…”