The Role of Elective Neck Treatment in the Management of Sinonasal Carcinomas: A Systematic Review of the Literature and a Meta-Analysis

Galloni, Costanza; Locatello, Luca Giovanni; Bruno, Chiara; Cannavicci, Angelo; Maggiore, Giandomenico; Gallo, Oreste

doi:10.3390/cancers13081842

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The study also suggested that ENI is an effective method for reducing RR ( 19 ). The same conclusion was also drawn by Galloni et al ( 20 ). Moreover, Jiang et al.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Lymph Node Metastasis Spread Patterns and the Effectiveness of Prophylactic Neck Irradiation in Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SNSCC)

Liu

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Oncol.

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ObjectivesTo analyze the incidence and spread of lymph node metastasis (LNM) and the effectiveness of prophylactic neck irradiation in patients with SNSCC.MethodsA total of 255 patients with SNSCC were retrospectively reviewed. The LNM spread pattern was revealed. The clinical parameters related to LNM, and the prognostic value of elective neck irradiation (ENI) were assessed. A 1:1 matching with propensity scores was performed between ENI group and observation (OBS) group.ResultsThe initial LNM rate was 20.8%, and the regional recurrence (RR) rate was 7.5%. Lymphatic spreading in SNSCC followed the common trajectories: a. level Ib ➔ level II ➔ level Va/level III/IV lymph nodes (LNs); b. retropharyngeal lymph nodes (RPLNs) ➔ level II LNs. The most frequently involved site was level II LNs (16.1%), followed by level Ib LNs (10.2%), RPLNs (4.7%), level III LNs (3.2%), level Va LNs (1.6%), level IVa LNs (1.4%) and level VIII LNs (0.8%). The median follow-up time was 105 months. The 5-year overall survival (OS) was 55.7% for N0 patients and 38.5% for patients with initial N+ or N- relapse (p = 0.009). After PSM, the 5-year regional recurrence-free survival was 71.6% and 94.7% (p = 0.046) in OBS and ENI group, respectively. The multivariate analysis showed that ENI (p = 0.013) and absence of nasopharynx involvement (p = 0.026) were associated with a significantly lower RR rate.ConclusionsPatients with LNM had poorer survival than those who never experienced LNM. Lymphatic spread in SNSCC followed predictable patterns. ENI effectively reduced the RR rate in patients at high risk.

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“…The study also suggested that ENI is an effective method for reducing RR ( 19 ). The same conclusion was also drawn by Galloni et al ( 20 ). Moreover, Jiang et al.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Lymph Node Metastasis Spread Patterns and the Effectiveness of Prophylactic Neck Irradiation in Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SNSCC)

Liu

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Oncol.

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“…Noticewala et al 136 proposed this approach given the success of the strategy in other similar head and neck cancers. Elective neck treatment (irradiation or lymph node dissection) for patients with clinically lymph node‐negative disease leads to a lower risk of regional recurrence (odds ratio, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.25–0.58) compared with observation alone; however, the impact on OS is not clear 137 …”

Section: Sinonasal Undifferentiated Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 99%

The contemporary management of cancers of the sinonasal tract in adults

Thawani

Kim

Arastu

et al. 2022

CA A Cancer J Clinicians

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Sinonasal malignancies make up <5% of all head and neck neoplasms, with an incidence of 0.5–1.0 per 100,000. The outcome of these rare malignancies has been poor, whereas significant progress has been made in the management of other cancers. The objective of the current review was to describe the incidence, causes, presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and recent developments of malignancies of the sinonasal tract. The diagnoses covered in this review included sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma, sinonasal adenocarcinoma, sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma, and esthesioneuroblastoma, which are exclusive to the sinonasal tract. In addition, the authors covered malignances that are likely to be encountered in the sinonasal tract—primary mucosal melanoma, NUT (nuclear protein of the testis) carcinoma, and extranodal natural killer cell/T‐cell lymphoma. For the purpose of keeping this review as concise and focused as possible, sarcomas and malignancies that can be classified as salivary gland neoplasms were excluded.

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“…Maxillary sinus SCC is one of the aggressive malignancies with a relatively poor prognosis [ 18 ]. Malignancies of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses are rare, maxillary sinus being the most common subsite accounting for approximately 80% of the malignant tumors arising from it [ 19 ]. There is insufficient data on the maxillary sinus SCC; therefore, the incidence is usually measured from independent, institution-based literature and meta-analyses with a limited number of patients [ 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment Outcomes of Maxillary Sinus Squamous Cell Carcinoma at a Dedicated Cancer Institute: A Retrospective Study

Keerio¹,

Qayyum²,

Kashif³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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Introduction Squamous cell carcinoma arising at the maxillary sinus is a rare neoplasm, characterized by an aggressive growth pattern and glooming prognosis. The proximity of the maxillary sinus with complex anatomical structures such as the eye, skull base, infratemporal fossa, pterygomaxillary fossa, nasal cavities, and ethmoid sinuses makes the surgical treatment of tumors infiltrating into these structures very challenging. The study's objective was to investigate the prognostic factors of survival and maxillary sinus SCC treatment outcomes. Methods We did a retrospective analysis of patients treated for maxillary sinus SCC at our institution between 2004 -2018. The study included all the patients with histologically proven maxillary sinus SCC treated with curative intent. The medical record of 43 patients was reviewed and utilized for the analysis. The Kaplan-Meier curve calculated five-year overall survival. Results A total of 43 patients were analyzed. At the presentation time, the mean age was 54.56 years (SD ± 11.65). Smoking (n=13, 30.2%) was the common risk factor. 36 (83.7%) patients presented with stage IV disease. Surgery was performed in 16 (37.2%) patients, whereas 27 (62.8%) patients received radiation and chemotherapy. Treatment failure was seen in 35 (81.4%) patients with locoregional recurrence in 30 (85.7%) patients and distant metastases in 5 (14.3%) patients. The five years overall survival in our study was 22%. Loco-regional recurrence and distant metastasis were the significant factors impacting survival (p=0.01). Conclusion Maxillary sinus SCC is rare cancer that is more common in males and usually presents at an advanced stage with a poor outcome. These tumors have a higher rate of treatment failure with a poor prognosis. Locoregional recurrence and distant metastasis adversely impact the overall survival.

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The Role of Elective Neck Treatment in the Management of Sinonasal Carcinomas: A Systematic Review of the Literature and a Meta-Analysis

Cited by 22 publications

References 58 publications

Lymph Node Metastasis Spread Patterns and the Effectiveness of Prophylactic Neck Irradiation in Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SNSCC)

Lymph Node Metastasis Spread Patterns and the Effectiveness of Prophylactic Neck Irradiation in Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SNSCC)

The contemporary management of cancers of the sinonasal tract in adults

Treatment Outcomes of Maxillary Sinus Squamous Cell Carcinoma at a Dedicated Cancer Institute: A Retrospective Study

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