The role of electrolyte in governing the performance of protonic solid state battery

Abstract

The solid-state proton conductor, P 2 O 5 .5H 2 O, is found very difficult to handle due to presence of a very high content of moisture and corrosive nature. The addition of Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2 into P 2 O 5 .5H 2 O, forming composite electrolytes, obviates said drawback. The Zn+ZnSO 4 used as an anode to prepare cells with different cathode viz. I 2 , MnO 2 , PbO 2 , and V 6 O 13 characterized under different conditions. Open circuit voltage, discharge current and discharge time, on load voltage, discharge capacity, power density, and energy density are evaluated from discharge properties. Protonically conducting composite 70(P 2 O 5 .5H 2 O)/30 [(92SiO 2 )/08(Al 2 O 3 )] is found to be the optimum combination with the optimized 50Zn/50ZnSO 4 as anode and 40MnO 2 /60 graphite as cathode from secondary battery view point.

PVDF-HFP-NH₄CF₃SO₃-SiO₂ Nanocomposite Polymer Electrolytes for Protonic Electrochemical Cell

“…The voltage drops from an initial voltage of ~1.39 to ~0.85 V within 1 hour and decreases to ~0.15 V in 7 hours. The initial drop is attributed to the cell polarization [11]. The voltage subsequently remains nearly constant at this value for up to 7 hours after which it drops further.…”

Evaluation of a copper based gel polymer electrolyte and its performance in a primary cell

“…An interesting feature is that even within the entire 150 hour period, the voltage reduction under 1 MΩ load is about 0.75 V. This is an indication of the fairly high stability of the cells though the open circuit voltage is small. Some voltage fluctuations are seen at the beginning for a small time period probably due to cell polarization 11 . The discharge capacity of the cell was calculated to be 131 µA h. Low discharge capacity may be attributed to the high internal resistance of the cell 12 .…”

Ionic Conductivity of Gd3+Doped Cerium Pyrophosphate Electrolytes with Core-Shell Structure

“…Materials with high proton conductivity have shown great potential in fulfilling the food and energy requirements of the everincreasing world population in a sustainable manner, by their application as electrolytes in electrochemical devices. [1][2][3][4][5] Proton conducting electrolyte-based fuel cells, which convert chemical energy to electrical energy cleanly and efficiently, has presented immense potential in this regard. [6][7][8] However, various material-related challenges have been major impediment toward the widespread commercialization of otherwise conceptually very simple fuel cells and, more often than not, these challenges arise from the choice of electrolyte, which has been the main deciding factor for various fuel cell configurations.…”