“…Furthermore, with regard to the limited extent that IB research has addressed code switching, it has mostly been described as a negative behavior that emphasizes and widens the gaps between individuals and units. Empirical accounts (e.g., Neeley, Hinds & Cramton, 2012;Hinds, Neeley & Cramton, 2014;Tenzer, Pudelko & Harzing, 2014;Tenzer & Pudelko, 2015;Wang et al, 2018) center on phenomena such as subgroups switching to their native language during a meeting held in another language, causing other parties present to experience feelings of exclusion or distrust, with repercussions on their willingness to share knowledge. Tenzer and Pudelko (2015) have recently pointed out that engaging in code-switching may be helpful for linguistically less skilled individuals, and that its effects can be moderated by astute managerial action.…”