The Role of Endogenous Brassinosteroids in the Mechanisms Regulating Plant Reactions to Various Abiotic Stresses

Abstract

Plants are vulnerable to many abiotic stresses, resulting in reduced plant productivity. Its adaptation to unfavorable environments relies on transmitting external stress signals into internal signaling pathways. A series of stress response mechanisms have been developed. Among them, brassinosteroids (BRs) are a class of steroid hormones that are widely involved in plant growth, development, and stress response. Via genetics, proteomics, and genomics studies, the major components of signaling and signaling pathways through a series of phosphorylation cascade reactions have been identified in model plants such as Arabidopsis. Numerous studies have shown that BRs play important roles in plant responses to drought, temperature, salt, heavy metals, and other environmental stresses. The application of BRs to improve plant stress resistance has become the focus of research in recent years, especially the regulation of stress via endogenous BRs. Therefore, this paper systematically summarizes the research progress related to endogenous BR levels and provides an overview of BR biosynthesis and the signaling pathway, as well as the function of endogenous BRs in the response to abiotic stresses.

Effects of Lactone- and Ketone-Brassinosteroids of the 28-Homobrassinolide Series on Barley Plants under Water Deficit

“…Of particular interest is their ability to increase plant resistance to damaging abiotic factors of various physical natures, such as drought. The protective effect of exogenous BRs under conditions of water deficit has been convincingly demonstrated in many plant species [10,29]. However, whether the stress-protective effect of steroidal phytohormones depends on their chemical structure remains poorly investigated.…”

Brassinosteroids: Relevant Evidence Related to Mitigation of Abiotic and Biotic Stresses in Plants

“…Thus, they are characterised as chemical messengers Agronomy 2024, 14, 840 2 of 21 responsible for coordinating certain physiological activities [1]. Among the main activities of PGRs are the regulation of developmental processes and signalling networks involved in plant responses to various biotic and abiotic stresses [4][5][6], such as diseases caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses and nematodes [7] and drought, thermal stress, salt stress and potentially toxic elements [8]. This review presents a comprehensive and detailed approach to the role of brassinosteroids (BRs) in plants under biotic and abiotic stresses.…”