The Role of Endotoxins in Induced Ruminal Acidosis in Calves

Aiumlamai, Suneerat; Kindahl, H.; Fredriksson, G.; Edqvist, L.‐E.; Kulander, Lena; Eriksson, Ola

doi:10.1186/bf03547318

Cited by 23 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Further, grain-induced subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) has been related to increased lysis of gram-negative bacteria and increased concentration of LPS in the rumen of lactating dairy cows (Gozho et al, 2007). Earlier, increased ruminal LPS concentration has been related to an increase in peripheral plasma LPS concentration in calves (Aiumlamai et al, 1992). In the current study, we aimed for increasing the glucogenic nutrient content in the diet by feeding rumen resistant starch, trying to avoid cows suffering from SARA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Antibodies Related to Energy Balance in Early Lactation Dairy Cows

Knegsel

Reilingh

Meulenberg

et al. 2007

Journal of Dairy Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objectives of this study were to determine the presence of natural antibodies (NAb) in plasma and milk of individual dairy cows and to study the relation between NAb concentrations and energy balance (EB) and dietary energy source. Cows (n = 76) were fed a mainly glucogenic, lipogenic, or a mixture of both diets (50:50 dry matter basis) from wk 3 before the expected calving date until wk 9 postpartum. Diets were isocaloric (net energy basis) and equal in intestinal digestible protein. Blood and milk were sampled weekly. Liver biopsies were taken in wk -2, 2, 4, and 6 relative to calving. Data are expressed as LSM +/- SEM. The NAb titers are expressed as the (2)log values of the highest dilution giving a positive reaction. The NAb concentration in plasma binding either keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) or Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) increased with parity. The NAb concentration binding KLH was greater for cows fed the glucogenic diet (9.63 +/- 0.08) compared with the lipogenic diet (9.26 +/- 0.08). In milk, cows fed the glucogenic diet had smaller NAb concentrations binding KLH (3.98 +/- 0.18) and LPS (2.88 +/- 0.17) compared with cows fed the mixed diet (KLH: 4.93 +/- 0.18; LPS: 3.70 +/- 0.17). The NAb concentration in plasma had a positive relation with energy balance variables: EB, dry matter intake, milk yield, and plasma cholesterol, whereas NAb concentration in milk had a negative relation with energy balance variables: EB, dry matter intake, and plasma cholesterol. Additionally, NAb concentrations in milk had a positive relation with plasma nonesterified fatty acid concentration and milk fat and protein percentage. There was a tendency for a positive relation of NAb concentration binding LPS in plasma and somatic cell count in milk. No significant relations were detected between NAb concentrations in milk or plasma and plasma beta-hydroxybutyrate concentration and liver triacyl glyceride content. In conclusion, NAb are present in both milk and plasma of dairy cows peripartum and NAb concentrations increase with parity. Furthermore, our data indicate that a negative energy balance in dairy cows in early lactation can be associated with compromised innate immune function as indicated by decreased NAb concentration in plasma.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Antibodies Related to Energy Balance in Early Lactation Dairy Cows

Knegsel

Reilingh

Meulenberg

et al. 2007

Journal of Dairy Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the present study, LPS was not detected in peripheral blood circulation. Using LAL assay qualitative techniques, Dougherty et al (1975) and Aiumlamai et al (1992) reported the presence of LPS but Andersen and Jarlov (1990) and Andersen et al (1994) did not detect LPS in peripheral blood circulation when acute acidosis was induced. Free ruminal LPS that is translocated into the hepatic portal circulation can be detoxified by the liver before it reaches the peripheral blood circulation (Andersen, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ruminal Lipopolysaccharide Concentration and Inflammatory Response During Grain-Induced Subacute Ruminal Acidosis in Dairy Cows

Gozho

Krause

Plaizier

2007

Journal of Dairy Science

221

204

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effects of grain-induced subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) in lactating dairy cows on free ruminal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and indicators of inflammation were determined. Four mid lactation dairy cows were divided into 2 groups of 2 cows and used in a repeated switchover design. During each period, SARA was induced in 2 animals for 5 subsequent days by replacing 25% of their total mixed ration (dry matter basis) with a concentrate made of 50% wheat and 50% barley. The other 2 cows acted as controls and were fed a total mixed ration diet in which 44% of dry matter was concentrate. On average, inducing SARA did not affect milk composition, increased the duration of rumen pH below 5.6 from 187 to 309 min/d, and increased free ruminal LPS concentration from 24,547 endotoxin units (EU)/mL to 128,825 EU/mL. Averaged across treatments, milk fat yield and milk protein yield were 0.66 and 1.00 kg/d, respectively. Rumen pH and milk fat data suggest that control cows also experienced ruminal acidosis, albeit a milder form of this disease than SARA cows. Serum LPS concentration in both control and SARA cows was less than the detection limit of <0.01 EU/mL for the assay. Induction of SARA elevated serum amyloid A concentration from 286.8 to 498.8 mug/mL, but did not affect other markers of inflammation including haptoglobin, fibrinogen, serum copper, or white blood cells. These results suggest that grain-induced SARA in mid lactation dairy cows increases the lysis of gram-negative bacteria and activates an inflammatory response.

show abstract