The role of epigenetic mediation and the future of food allergy research

Quake, Christine; Nadeau, Kari

doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2015.07.002

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Epigenetic mechanisms have been implicated in the pathogenesis of food allergy [ 1 ]. We previously demonstrated that tolerance acquisition in children with IgE-mediated cow’s milk allergy (CMA) is driven by epigenetic modulation of the Th1 and Th2 cytokine genes [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic features of FoxP3 in children with cow’s milk allergy

et al. 2016

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BackgroundDNA methylation of the Th1 and Th2 cytokine genes is altered during cow’s milk allergy (CMA). Forkhead box transcription factor 3 (FoxP3) is essential for the development and function of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and is involved in oral tolerance acquisition. We assessed whether tolerance acquisition in children with IgE-mediated CMA is associated with DNA demethylation of the Treg-specific demethylated region (TSDR) of FoxP3.ResultsForty children (aged 3–18 months) were enrolled: 10 children with active IgE-mediated CMA (group 1), 10 children who outgrew CMA after dietary treatment with an extensively hydrolyzed casein formula containing the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (group 2), 10 children who outgrew CMA after treatment with other formulas (group 3), and 10 healthy controls (group 4). FoxP3 TSDR demethylation and expression were measured in mononuclear cells purified from peripheral blood of the four groups of children. FoxP3 TSDR demethylation was significantly lower in children with active IgE-mediated CMA than in either children who outgrew CMA or in healthy children. Formula selection influenced the FoxP3 TSDR demethylation profile. The FoxP3 TSDR demethylation rate and expression level were correlated.ConclusionsTolerance acquisition in children with IgE-mediated CMA involves epigenetic regulation of the FoxP3 gene. This feature could be a new target for preventive and therapeutic strategies against CMA.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic features of FoxP3 in children with cow’s milk allergy

et al. 2016

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“…The study showed that the DNA methylation status in specific regions of HLA may vary in different food allergies. Such change determines which antigen-derived peptides are presented to the T cells and potentially results in the dysregulation of food tolerance [31]. …”

Section: Interleukinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Implications of DNA Methylation on Food Allergy

Lee

Song

O’Sullivan

et al. 2017

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Food allergy is a major clinical and public health concern worldwide. The risk factors are well defined, however, the mechanisms by which they affect immune development remain largely unknown, and unfortunately the effective treatment or prevention of food allergy is still being researched. Recent studies show that the genes that are critical for the development of food allergy are regulated through DNA methylation. Environmental factors can affect host DNA methylation status and subsequently predispose people to food allergy. DNA methylation is therefore an important mediator of gene-environment interactions in food allergy and key to understanding the mechanisms underlying the allergic development. Indeed, the modification and identification of the methylation levels of specific genetic loci have gained increasing attention for therapeutic and diagnostic application in combating food allergy. In this review, we summarize and discuss the recent developments of DNA methylation in food allergy, including the pathogenesis, therapy, and diagnosis. This review will also summarize and discuss the environmental factors that affect DNA methylation levels in food allergy.

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“…Food allergy (FA) is a complex, multifactorial disease that is becoming a worldwide health problem. Its prevalence is increasing in both Western and developing countries affecting up to 10% of the populations, with the greatest incidence observed among younger children ( 1 , 2 ). Cow’s milk and egg allergy are two of the most common food allergies in most countries ( 2 ) and most of them resolve within the first few years of life ( 3 , 4 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The methylation profile of IL4, IL5, IL10, IFNG and FOXP3 associated with environmental exposures differed between Polish infants with the food allergy and/or atopic dermatitis and without the disease

et al. 2023

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ObjectivesEpigenetic dynamics has been indicated to play a role in allergy development. The environmental stimuli have been shown to influence the methylation processes. This study investigated the differences in CpGs methylation rate of immune-attached genes between healthy and allergic infants. The research was aimed at finding evidence for the impact of environmental factors on methylation-based regulation of immunological processes in early childhood.MethodsThe analysis of methylation level of CpGs in the IL4, IL5, IL10, IFNG and FOXP3 genes was performed using high resolution melt real time PCR technology. DNA was isolated from whole blood of Polish healthy and allergic infants, with food allergy and/or atopic dermatitis, aged under six months.ResultsThe significantly lower methylation level of FOXP3 among allergic infants compared to healthy ones was reported. Additional differences in methylation rates were found, when combining with environmental factors. In different studied groups, negative correlations between age and the IL10 and FOXP3 methylation were detected, and positive - in the case of IL4. Among infants with different allergy symptoms, the decrease in methylation level of IFNG, IL10, IL4 and FOXP3 associated with passive smoke exposure was observed. Complications during pregnancy were linked to different pattern of the IFNG, IL5, IL4 and IL10 methylation depending on allergy status. The IFNG and IL5 methylation rates were higher among exclusively breastfed infants with atopic dermatitis compared to the non-breastfed. A decrease in the IFNG methylation was noted among allergic patients fed exclusively with milk formula. In different study groups, a negative correlation between IFNG, IL5 methylation and maternal BMI or IL5 methylation and weight was noted. Some positive correlations between methylation rate of IL10 and child’s weight were found. A higher methylation of IL4 was positively correlated with the number of family members with allergy.ConclusionThe FOXP3 methylation in allergic infants was lower than in the healthy ones. The methylation profile of IL4, IL5, IL10, IFNG and FOXP3 associated with environmental exposures differed between the studied groups. The results offer insights into epigenetic regulation of immunological response in early childhood.

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The role of epigenetic mediation and the future of food allergy research

Cited by 8 publications

References 70 publications

Epigenetic features of FoxP3 in children with cow’s milk allergy

Epigenetic features of FoxP3 in children with cow’s milk allergy

The Implications of DNA Methylation on Food Allergy

The methylation profile of IL4, IL5, IL10, IFNG and FOXP3 associated with environmental exposures differed between Polish infants with the food allergy and/or atopic dermatitis and without the disease

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